高考课件

高考课件(分享13篇)。

优秀的教案和课件是老师上好课的先决条件，每位教师都应当精心准备教案和课件。教案是展现教师主观能动性和创造力的必要途径。我们根据您的需求，已经为您搜集了一些高质量的资讯“高考课件”，并提醒您收藏本页以便随时查阅！

高考课件(篇1)

SeniorⅢ Unit4 Green World Integrating Skills

一、 教学思路：

1 . 高考阅读理解的特点是所选材料题材多样化，记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文等特色鲜明，内容涉及科普、社会、文化、政治、经济、历史等各个方面，文章阅读量大。主要考查考生综合运用所学知识获取信息、整理信息、理解信息以及处理信息的能力。测试的主要要求是：

①．掌握所读材料的主旨和大意，以及用以说明主旨和大意的事实和细节。

②. 既能理解具体的事实，也能理解抽象的概念。

③．既能理解字面的意思，也能理解深层的含义，包括作者的态度、意图等。

④．既能理解某句，某段的含义，也能理解全篇的逻辑关系，并据此进行推理和判断。

⑤．既能根据所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生应有的常识去理解。

根据这五项要求，我们可将阅读理解题归纳为以下几种题型：细节理解题，词句理解题，主题、主旨题，猜测词义题，推理判断题。

2． 高考的要求就是我们平时课堂教学训练的方向。高中英语课文内容包罗万象、题材广泛、体裁各样、语言知识丰富。除了要让学生掌握英语基础知识外，我们更可以利用课文的教学，精心设计问题，按照高考的要求有针对性地对学生进行问题解答训练，提高学生的阅读速度，培养学生的阅读理解能力。

二、教材分析：

本课是第四单元综合技能部分的课文，介绍了达尔文和其他科学家关于物种的研究和他们的成果。内容涉及到遗传学和基因学的知识，文章有一定难度。是本单元主题绿色世界的一个延伸，又为本单元紧接的写作训练作铺垫。

三、 教学法分析：

1、 问题教学法。精心设计问题，以问题为主线，在提出问题和解决问题过程中，培养学生阅读理解能力。设疑与提问是英语教学课堂调控的常规武器。它是促进师生之间信息交流反馈，推动教学流程迅速向前拓展的重要契机。

2、 “自上而下的模式”。 这是哥德曼（Goodman）提出的阅读理论模式。按这个模式，阅读者在阅读过程中不是逐字、逐句地去理解，而是结合自己的预测，在文章中找出有关的信息，来验证自己的预测。由于强调整体篇章理解，在阅读时采取跳跃式搜索、猜测等方法，所以有利于培养学生快速阅读理解能力。

四、 学生分析：

两个班学生基础有限，学习英语有兴趣但没功底。成绩差距较大。尤其对文章缺乏整体感知能力，对深层次问题无从下手，信息的获取和分析能力都较弱。

五、 教学目标及重难点：

由于本课教学以发展学生解决问题能力为主，不设知识目标与情感目标。能力目标亦即重难点：

1、 培养学生快速获取信息解决表层次问题的能力；

2、 培养学生深层思考，培养信息重组、推理分析判断能力。

七、 教学步骤：

1． Lead in: Show two pictures on the blackboard:

2. What are differences between them? Why?

Maybe we can find the answer to this question in our text.

2. Fast reading: Open the book, read through the text. Find out:

How many scientist are mentioned in the text?

S：There are three. They are:

Charles Darwin Gregor Mendel Gote Turesson

T：So how many parts can we divide the text? (划分段落，整体感知)

T: Could you find the main idea of each paragraph?

学生做完这个步骤后，我总结并用幻灯打出：

Part I (Pa1-3): Darwin and his research.

Part II (Pa4-5): Mendel and his experiment.

Part III (Pa6): Turesson and his study

Part IV (Pa7): the importance and significance of the research of the three

3. Careful reading: (1) Show a slide of a table, ask the student to read the passage again, fill in the following:

Scientists Research/experiment Result

(用图表的形式处理文章信息，既避免问题提出的形式重复，又方便学生整体快速把握文章的重点段落)

(2) (完成以上整体表层次训练后，通过幻灯片打出以下问题，再细部理解文章)

Finish the following exercises:

1. What led to his writing of the famous book On the Origin of species?

A. The study of physics, chemistry, and botany.

B. What he had observed on the voyage.

C. His expedition on the Beagle to the Galapagos.

2. Why did the wildlife of the Galapagos Isles deserve special attention?

3. What does “these” in “of these” in Para 2 mean?

4. “those” in Para 2 Line 4 refers to ________

A. the different islands B. the life forms C. differences D. the species

5. What was the purpose of Mendel’s experiments?

A. His purpose was based on his love nature.

B. His purpose was to support the ideas concerning the influence of

environment upon plants.

C. His purpose was based on the influence of environment upon plants.

6. The research by Darwin, Mendel and Turesson shows that______

A. genetics is more important than the environment to plants

B. genetics is less important than the environment to plants

C. both genetics and the environment are important to plants

D. neither genetics nor the environment is important to plants

7．What was Darwin’s new theory according to the text?

(以上问题有深有浅，既有符合高考的细节理解题(如第1题)，词句理解题(如第3、4题)，推理判断题(如第7题)，设计时更因答案的不唯一性(如第1题BC均正确)，增加了题目的灵活性和难度。在解答过程中特别强调：

第1题：选项在文章中都有出现，但未必就是答案。题目不难，容易上当。

第3题：培养学生联系上下文准确把握词句意义，这道题目难度不大，但出奇的是学生正确率并不高。

第4题：这与第3道题是一样的，但难度较大。这两道题的题型在高考中经常出现。

第7题：这道题很难。考查学生对文章事实的延伸理解，训练学生根据文章事实作出推理判断的能力。是一道深层次理解推理判断题。)

(3) Answer the last question:

What do you think is the relationship between the title “Wildlife and Garden

Roses” and the text?

（这个问题非常难！也是整节课的精华部分，解决分析这个问题我花了十多分钟时间。问标题和文章的关系并不新鲜，关键是这个标题用得非常好，借此我分析了高考中常考的一类题目：给文章找标题。完成这个问题既是对整篇文章的概括理解，又是对高考常考题型解题技巧的一次传授。）

Wildlife shows the influence of environment while Garden of Roses shows the

science of genetics.

八、 Homework:

1. Read the text.

2. Learn the language points by yourselves

Charles Darwin Gregor Mendel Gote Turesson

the influence if the environment the science of genetics

1、 高中英语课文应该怎么教？又要教什么？这一直让我思考。我想很多英语老师对课文当中的语言知识是绝对不会漏的，但是不是通过课文的教学培养和训练学生的阅读技巧和阅读能力了呢？也许因为时间，也许因为方法，可能落实不太好。尤其在高三，课文没有出现新的语法点，怎样通过课文的教学达到这一目的，以利学生高考，更值得我们思考。

2、提问是一门艺术，也是一种教学方法。苏联教育界倡导的一种教学方法就叫问题教学法，已成为有世界影响的教学方法之一。问题是思维的向导，合适的课堂提问，往往能把学生带入一个奇妙的问题世界，使学生积极思考问题，寻求解决问题的途径和答案，从而培养学生分析问题和解决问题的能力。布鲁斯乔伊斯说过：“教会学生独立思考，我们就给了他们自我教育的能力。” 课文教学未必要设很多的问题，但要典型；其次问题分析要透彻，分析一个问题就要教会学生一种技巧或是让学生有一次能力的锻炼。问题设计是否巧妙，问题分析是否精当，就是判断这种课好坏的依据。

高考课件(篇2)

非谓语动词有三种形式：不定式，动词ing形式(v-ing)及过去分词(ed分词)。

不定式的基本形式是由“to+ 动词原形”构成，其否定形式是not to do，不定式可以带自己的宾语或状语，构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化，不定式在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语，不作谓语。如：

Lucy asked him to turn up the radio.

To make a plan first is a good idea.

1. 动词不定式不失动词的特点，有时态和语态的变化，不定式有六种形式，以write为例：

(1)不定式的时态：

①不定式所表达的动作与谓语动词同时发生或是在谓语动词之后发生，不定式用一般式，如：

It seems that he knows this.

鯤e seems to know this.

I hope that I'll see you again.

鯥 hope to see you again.

②不定式所表达的动作与谓语动词同时发生，并强调动作正在进行的情景，或持续性，不定式用进行式，如：

He pretended that he was listening to English course when I came in.

鯤e pretended to be listening to English course when I came in.

I am very glad that I am working with you.

鯥 am very glad to be working with you.

③不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之前，不定式用完成式，如：

I am sorry that I have put you so much trouble.

鯥 am sorry to have put you so much trouble.

It seems that I have met you somewhere before.

鯥 seem to have met you somewhere before.

④如果强调不定式所表示的动作从过去某一时刻起一直持续到某一时刻，不定式用完成进行时，强调动作的持续性，不强调结果。如：

She seems to have been reading the novel for three hours.

The rain was said to have been falling for a week.

(2)不定式的语态：当不定式的逻辑主语与不定式是被动关系时，不定式一般用被动式。如：

This is the plan to be discussed at today's meeting.

The novel is said to have been translated into several languages.

Whether most countries can use natural energy in future remains to be seen.

(1)不定式作主语：

To say is one thing; to do is another.

To read novels is my hobby.

it形式主语常常代替作主语的不定式，而将不定式或不定式短语放在后面。

To talk with him is a great pleasure.

鯥t is great pleasure to talk with him.

To make electricity by building a dam across the sea is possible.

鯥t is possible to make electricity by building a dam across the sea.

注意：①To see is to believe. 主语和表语都是不定式，不能用it代替：It is to believe to see是错误的。

②To answer correctly is more important than to finish quickly. 而finish与finishing放在than后面都是不合适的，因为前面句子的主语是to answer，后面的主语也要是to finish, 保持than前后句子结构平行。

At that time his job was to write reports for the newspaper.

This suit doesn't seem to fit me.

The problems remain to be unsettled.

(3)不定式作宾语：在下列及物动词后，常跟不定式作宾语：want, need, hope, wish, expect, like, hate, try, manage, forget, remember, know, begin, start, intend, plan, mean, pretend, prefer, agree, refuse, learn等。

To keep the water clean, you need to get some under water plants.

I prefer to stay at home rather than go out.

They have decided to visit the nature park for the milu deer.

注意：不定式作宾语时，有时用“it”替换，it为形式宾语，而将真正的不定式作宾语后置，如：

I found to learn English well not easy.

鯥 found it not easy to learn English well.

I feel to help others my duty.

鯥 feel it my duty to help others.

Jim told me to give his best wishes to everyone here.

What caused you to change your mind?

在被动语态was considered后面，不定式为主语补足语接不定式作宾补和主补的动词常有:

ask, beg, cause, call n, help, force, allow, permit, advise, order, get, want, wish, tell

等。

(其中没有hope sb. to do, suggest sb. to do和agree sb. to do)

注意：①不定式作宾语补足语，在部分感官及使役动词后，用不带to的不定式作宾语，常用的动词有：let, make, have, see, watch, notice, observe, look at, listen to, feel等，help有无to都可以，如：

The teacher had us recite the text every day.

The boss made his men work all the night.

把上面句子变成被动语态后，不定式成为句子的主语补足语，需带to，即在被动语态中不定式一律带to，不存在省略问题。

注意：②在谓语动词think, consider, suppose, believe, imagine, prove, find等后面跟to be作宾补，不跟to do，但其中有些可跟to have done作宾补。如：

Imagine yourself(to be)in his place.

We found him(to be)honest.

suppose…to be/suppose…to have done.

I suppose him to be about fifty.

We suppose him to have stolen it.

(5)不定式作定语：不定式作定语，有时与前面被修饰的名词逻辑上有动宾关系，如果不定式是不及物动词或所修饰的名词是不定式的地点，工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词，如：

I have a meeting to attend. (attend the meeting)

Pass me a piece of paper to write on. (write on the paper)

在time, place, way后面的不定式省略介词，如：

He had no money and no place to live.

其他不定式作定语情况，如：

I have no chance to go abroad.

They had never moment to rest.

There is a lot of work to do.

=There is a lot of work to be done.

There is no time to lose.

=There is no time to be lost.

但是在下列句子中，不定式主动与被动形式意义不同：

--Have you anything to wash?

--No, nothing. I plan to go shopping.

不定式动作的执行者是you. you wash something

--Have you anything to be washed?

--No, Thank you.

不定式动作的执行者不是you. 是省略了的(…to be washed)by me或by someone else.

I got up early in order to catch the 6∶30 train.

The boy ran all the way so as not to be late.

注意：so as to不能置于句首，in order to可以。

②作原因状语：

He smiled to think of his clever plan.

③在某些形容词后面作状语：

I am glad to see you.

You are sure to succeed.

④作结果状语：

第一, I hurried to the post office, only to find it closed. (出乎意料的结果)

He is too old to read.

The boy is too young to dress himself.

当不定式前的形容词为nervous, pleased, willing, delighted, happy, glad等时，too…to，“to…”可译作肯定，

They are too nervous to leave. 他们急于离开

I am only too pleased to help you.

We are never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。

第三，形容词/副词enough to do sth.

He was quick enough to catch the ball.

The girl is old enough to go to school.

第四，so…as to/such…as to如此……以致于……

He was so angry that he was unable to speak.

He was so angry as to be unable to speak.

He was such a fool that he believed the cheat.

He was such a fool as to believe the cheat.

⑤不定式作方面状语，不定式作方面状语与句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，不定式多用主动结构，如果不定式为及物动词，后面不必再跟宾语，如果不定式为不及物动词，要用相应的介词，如：

The mountain is difficult to climb. (动宾关系：climb the mountain)

Lesson Two is easy to learn. (动宾关系：learn Lesson Two)

3. 不定式的逻辑主语：不定式的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语，如He seemed to be reading something, 当需要明确指出不定式动作的执行者时，用for/of sb. (sth. )to do sth. 表示，如：

(1)当作表语的形容词表达不定式的逻辑主语的品行，性格，性质时，要用of，常见的这类形容词有:

brave, careful, careless, kind, nice, good, honest, clever, wise, unwise, stupid, foolish, rude, cruel, silly, thoughtful, impolite, polite, right, wrong, 等。这时It+ be+ 形容词+ of sb. /sth. to do sth. 句型，等于sb. /sth. + be+ 形容词to do sth. , 如：

It is very kind of you to say so.

相当于You are very kind to say so.

It is clever of him to win the competition.

鯤e is clever to win the competition.

It+ be+ 形容词+ for sb. /sth. to do sth. 这一句型中的形容词大多为：

easy, important, usual, difficult, hard, possible, impossible, necessary等。这些词只能说明不定式行为的是与非，不能说明不定式的执行者，所以不等于sb. + be+ 形容词+ to do sth. ，如：

1)It is difficult for beginners to read the book.

不能说：Beginners are difficult to read.

但是第一类，即It+ be+ 形容词+ of sb. to do sth. 句型中的形容词，如right, impolite…等如果强调评论人用of，强调评论行为也可用for，应用情况如下：

(1)当sb. 为泛指时，形容词着重评论不定式行为本身，如：

It was not right for the south to break away from the Union.

(2)当不定式为被动语态时，不定式的执行者常常省略，因此形容词只用来评论不定式行为了。

It was unkind for you to be laughed at.

4. 带疑问词的不定式：动词不定式可以和疑问词what, which, how, where, when, whether等连用，构成不定式短语，如：

The question is when to start.

They haven't ageed on whether to build a factory here or not.

what to say.

I don't know what to write about.

how to do it.

注意：没有if to do和why to do.

I don't know why I should do it. (正)

5. 不定式省略“to”的情况：

(1)当and或or连接同一概念的不定式时，或者当它们之间的关系并列一致时，可将and或or后面的to省去，如：

I'd like to go and see a film.

He had to have a job or go hungry.

但是，有时为了表示对照，或加强语气，则不可以省去to，如：

It is easier to say than to do.

(2)不定式在一部分感官或使役动词后面作宾补省略to。

(3)不定式在but(除了……以外)，except后面的使用，如果but, except前有行为动词do, but, except后省去to，如：

They had nothing to do but wait for the doctor.

The whole night he did nothing except watch TV.

(4)在固定句型中：would rather do…than do…/prefer to do rather than do:

1)The bus was so crowded that I'd rather walk home than take a bus.

2)I prefer to play tennis rather than(play)basketball.

6. “to”代表整个不定式：有时为了避免重复，省去不定式后面的内容，保留到不定式符号to, 如果是to be，保留到be，如：

--Will you please give him a message when you see him?

--I'll be glad to.

--Would you like to go shopping with me?

有时为了强调，也可以不省略。

Do what he or she tell you to do.

动词-ing形式由动词原形+ ing构成。动词-ing形式起到名词、形容词和副词的作用，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、状语和宾语补足语，但不能单独构成谓语，其构成形式如下，以do为例：

完成时态 having done having been done

Learning English is very important to me.

Having been widened, the road took on a different look.

随着-ing在句子中所做的成分不同，所用的时态和语态有不同的要求，关于-ing的时态和语态的详细使用，在下面ing所作的句子成分中讲述。

1. 动词-ing形式作主语：

Seeing is believing.

有时主语太长，可用it作形式主语，将真正主语放在后面。如：

It is fun swimming in a river or lake in summer.

It is dangerous playing/to play with fire.

但在口语中用动词-ing形式放在句首比不定式多。

Going shopping is a pleasant thing.

②在下列句型中习惯用-ing作主语，不用不定式：

It is no good doing.

It is useless only learning English grammar.

It is no good cutting down the forest.

③在there+ be+ no+ 主语结构中，必须用动词-ing作主语：

There is no telling what will happen in the future.

④主语和表语结构相同，对等。

Seeing is believing.

To see is to believe.

Would you mind my sitting here?

We suggest going out for a picnic on Sunday.

(2)在介词后：

We look forward to seeing you again.

(3)在worth, busy, feel like, look like等形容词后面：

China Daily is well worth reading.

The firefighters were busy putting out the big fire.

They look like winning the relay race.

Suddenly I feel like eating something.

动词-ing做主语或宾语时，一般情况下其逻辑主语为句子的主语，如果需要自己的逻辑主语时，要用物主代词或名词所有格+ 动词-ing，如：

His/Li Ping's coming late, made the teacher unhappy.

Would you mind my/me smoking here?

当动词-ing不在句首时，可用人称代词宾格，名词普通格代替，但逻辑主语为无生命的名词，或泛指时，用普通格，如：

We heard the noise of desks being opened and closed.

3. 不定式与动词-ing作宾语的比较：

(1)在下列一些动词后面常跟动词-ing作宾语，而不跟不定式：

admit, appreciate, advise, avoid, allow, consider, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape,

excuse, face, feel like, finish, fancy, forbid, forgive, imagine, include, keep, mention,

mind, miss, practice, resist, risk, suggest等。如：

He practices speaking English every day.

He admitted having broken the window.

I much appreciate your giving me the chance.

She dislikes doing housework.

He enjoys nothing but playing the computer.

(2)在下列一些动词后只跟不定式，不跟动词-ing作宾语：

want(想要)，hope, expect, wish, decide, would like, refuse, manage, pretend, demand,

offer, afford, plan, wonder, intend…等，如：

I am expecting to get a letter from my parents.

We are planning to build another research center.

I'd like to buy a new car made in the U. S. A.

(3)在下列一些动词后面跟不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语，意义不同，如：

I remember doing this exercise before.

我记得以前做过这个练习。

Remember to post the book for me.

记住帮我把那本书寄走。

We shall never forget hearing Jackson singing.

我们忘不了听杰克逊唱歌的情景。

Don't forget to give my regards to them.

I'll try to improve my pronunciation.

我要努力去纠正，提高我的发音。

Since no one answered the front door, why not try knocking at the back door?

既然前门没人答应，为什么不试试后门呢?

I suggest we stop working and have a rest.

我建议我们停下干活，休息一会儿。

They stopped to listen, but there was no more sound.

他们停下来，听一听，再没什么声音。

What do you mean to do with your old bicycle?

你打算如何处理你那辆旧自行车?

I won't wait if it means delaying a week or so.

如果这意味着要推迟一星期左右，那我就不等了。

(4)在love, like, hate, prefer后面跟不定式和动词-ing形式无多大区别，如：

Do you like to eat ice-cream?

I like traveling very much.

I like driving(do drive)fast cars.

(5)在start, begin后面，一般接不定式和动词-ing形式无多大区别，在下列情况下，多用不定式：

①自然界变化：

It started to rain.

Snow started to melt as spring came.

②心理活动，在understand, know, realize等词前面：

I began to understand my mother's feelings.

③begin, start本身为进行时：

Mother was starting to cook in the kitchen when I got home.

(6)在allow, advise, permit, forbid等动词后面，有名词或代词作宾语，用不定式做宾语补足语，如果没有宾语，直接用-ing形式，如：

1)We don't allow parking here.

2)The police don't allow people to park here.

3)He advised me to get an English pen friend.

4)I advise seeing more English films.

(7)need, require, want译作“需要”时，跟动词-ing作宾语，主动表示被动，相当于to be done，如：

The windows require cleaning.

The windows require to be cleaned.

The patient needs operating on at once.

The patient needs to be operated on.

The flowers want watering.

The flowers want to be watered.

(8)在一些固定表达中用动词-ing形式，不用不定式：

can't help doing, be worth doing, devote…to doing, look forward to doing, be/get/become used to doing, object to doing, thank…for doing, excuse…for doing等。

Einstein devoted his life to making a research in science.

I'm looking forward to getting your letter.

We are used to living in the countryside.

4. 动词-ing在句中作表语：

Our plan is setting up a new car factory.

My job is teaching/driving.

这类词作表语，起解释说明主语的作用，主表可颠倒：Teaching is my job. 转换成问句，用what提问：

--What's your job?

--My job is teaching.

--How is your job?

--It is interesting.

--How was your trip?

--It is tiring, but interesting.

5. 动词-ing作定语：

(1)表示被修饰名词的用途：

There are two reading rooms in our school library.

a reading room其含义是A room is used for reading.

The swimming pool in our school is nearly completed.

the swimming pool其含义是The pool is used for swimming.

(2)如果动词-ing形式作定语表示被修饰的名词发出的一个正在进行的动作或某种特征行为，这时被修饰的名词与动词-ing逻辑上有主谓关系，如果是主动关系用doing, 被动关系用done, 或being done表达，另外有时间要求：

第一种情况：主动关系，-ing形式与谓语动词同时进行，或经常发生，用doing，如：

Look at the dancing girl. She is one of my classmates.

Look at the girl who is dancing. ….

China is a developing country.

China is a country that is developing.

注意：①如果动词-ing形式表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前，一般不用having done作定语，而用定语从句表达，如：

The teacher criticized the boy having broken the window. (误)

The teacher criticized the boy who had broken the window. (正)

注意：②如果表达的是未来发生的动作，或含有情态概念，用不定式表达，如：

I have a meeting to attend today.

鯥 have a meeting that I will attend today.

Mary is the proper worker to do the job.

鯩ary is the proper worker who can do the job.

第二种情况：被动关系：动词-ing表达的动作与谓语动词同时发生，正在进行，用being done; 发生在谓语动词之前，完成了的动作用done；发生在谓语动词之后，未来的动作，用to be done. 如：

The bridge being built now is two kilometers long.

鯰he bridge that is being built now is two kilometers long.

The bridge built last year is two kilometers long.

鯰he bridge that was built last year is two kilometers long.

The bridge to be built next year will be two kilometers long.

鯰he bridge that will be built next year will be two kilometers long.

6. 动词-ing作宾语补足语和主语补足语：经常在see, hear, feel, watch, notice,

observe, find, get, look at, listen to, keep, leave, send, set, catch等一些动词后面用动词-ing作补语，其中宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上有主谓关系，如果主谓关系是主动的，又表示动作在进行，或状态的持续，用doing; 如果主谓关系是被动的，又表示动作在进行，用being done，如：

I noticed them repairing the car.

鯳hen they were repairing the car, I noticed.

I noticed the car being repaired.

鯳hen the car was being repaired, I noticed.

如果宾语和宾补是主动关系，又表示动作的全过程，即完成或一般时态，宾补用不定式to do表达(在某些动词后面不定式不带to)；如果是被动关系，又表示动作的全过程，即完成时态用done表达，如：

I often notice them repair the car.

I noticed the car repaired.

如果把上述句子变成被动语态，宾语补足语就变成主语补足语了。

7. 动词-ing形式作状语：动词-ing形式作状语时，要求其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语，句子的主语与动词-ing形式逻辑上有主谓关系。如果主谓关系是主动的，用主动语态；-ing动作与谓语动词同时发生用一般式doing, 如果-ing动作发生在谓语动词之前，用完成式having done, 如：

Walking along the street, I met a friend of mine.

相当于When I was walking along the street, I met a friend of mine.

Having finished their work, they had a rest. 相当于After they had finished their work, they had a rest.

如果主谓关系是被动的，用被动语态；-ing动作与谓语动词同时发生，用done；如果-ing动作发生在谓语动词之前，已完成的动作，用被动语态的完成式having been done, 如：

Having been cleaned and decorated, our classroom took on a new look.

相当于After our classroom had been cleaned and decorated, our classroom took on a new look.

Well known for his expert advice, he was able to help many people.

相当于As he is well known for his expert advice, he was able to help many people.

注意：-ing形式做状语时，如果-ing形式需要自己的逻辑主语，人称代词用主格，名词用普通格，如：

Mother/She being ill, he had to stay home to look after her.

It being Sunday, the shops are crowded.

过去分词由动词+ ed构成，起到形容词和副词的作用，在句中可作状语、表语、定语和宾语补足语。过去分词的性质是被动，完成，但有时侧重程度，有时侧重被动，不及物动词变成的过去分词无被动的意义，过去分词形式由动词原形加词尾-ed构成，及部分不规则的词如：done, played.

①侧重程度：

boiling water 沸水 fallen leaves落叶

boiled water 凉开水 frozen chicken冷冻鸡

②侧重主、被动：

a broken glass, a dancing girl, a damaged house.

1. 过去分词的作用：

(1)过去分词作状语：同动词-ing形式作状语一样，过去分词的逻辑主语是句子的主语，如是被动关系，又与谓语动词同时发生，或无一定时间对比，用过去分词，如：

Seen from the top of the mountain, the lake looks like a mirror. (相当于The lake is seen)

相当于When the lake is seen from the top of the mountain it looks like a mirror.

Heated, water can turn into vapor.

相当于If it is heated, water can turn into vapor.

(2)过去分词作表语：

We are interested in science.

(3)过去分词作定语：过去分词作定语，有时间要求，发生在谓语动词之前，即完成的动作，用done，而不用having been done.

The bridge built last year is 2 kilometers long.

People invited to the party are most scientists.

(4)过去分词作宾补：

I noticed the car repaired.

2. 过去分词与动词-ing形式的区别：

(1)作表语和定语的区别：动词-ing形式表示事物对人造成的影响，事物是主动的，常译成令人……，使人……；过去分词表示人对事物的看法产生的心理反应，人是被动的，常译作：感到……如：

The news is surprising.

We are surprised at the news.

这类词很多，如：inspiring, inspired, astonishing, astonished, tiring, tired,

moving, moved, disappointing, disappointed, worrying, worried, encouraging, encouraged, …….

(2)作宾补的区别：宾语与宾补逻辑上有主谓关系，主动用动词-ing或不定式表达，被动用being done或done表达。

We found him standing outside the door.

He found the door locked.

(3)作状语的区别：用作状语的动词，与句子的主语逻辑上有主谓关系、主动用-ing形式，被动用过去分词。

The boy entered the room, followed by a dog.

相当于The boy entered the room and he was followed by a dog.

The boy entered the room, following his father.

相当于The boy entered the room and followed his father.

(4)-ing形式与ed分词都可以作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随、结果、让步、程度，如：

Having brought her father back to England, Lucy helped him to get better. (时间)

After she had brought her father back to England, Lucy helped him to get better.

Disturbed by the noise, we had to finish the meeting early. (原因)

We had to finish the meeting early because we were disturbed by the noise.

Born a free man, he was now in chains. (让步)

Though he was born a free man, he was now in chains.

(If) bitten by a snake, you should send for help and not walk. (条件)

鯥f you are bitten by a snake, you should send for help and not walk.

The boy ran in, carrying a ball in his arm. (伴随)

鯰he boy ran in and carried a ball in his arm.

He dropped the plate, breaking it into pieces. (结果)

鯤e dropped the plate and broke it into pieces.

(5)-ing形式与ed分词的否定式，由not+ -ing构成：

Not knowing how to do it, I asked him for help.

高考课件(篇3)

step into take one’s place pick out build up divide up wealthy go through look into turn up check out to the point care for surround to one’s astonishment exact recover one after another tell apart set up come to light

I / He /She /can /may… It is possible that…

I/ He /She may not… He/ She is not likely to…

It is likely that… I am not likely to…

You can’t / musn’t… Don’t smoke. Look out!

If you…, you’ll… Don’t be late Take care!

You’d better(not)do it. Be careful. No noise, please!

1.leave sth. to sb.（在死后）将……留给某人；请某人负责某事

His aunt left all her property to him after her death.

他姑姑死后将所有财产都留给他了。

I’ll leave it to you to buy the tickets.我委托你负责买票。

will作为名词使用时意为“遗嘱”“意志力”或“强烈的愿望”。

Her death is god’s will, I suppose.

她的逝世是上帝的旨意，我估计。

His strong will enables him to refuse all the worldly pleaseres.

他的强烈愿望使他可以拒绝世间所有的乐趣。

Where there is a will, there is a way.

有志者，事竟成。

3.by one’s first marriage 通过或由于某人的第一次婚姻

介词by有许多含义，在此处意为“通过”，相当于through。

He left by the first train.

他乘第一次列车离开了。

The electricity supply is operated by a switch.供电由一个开关控制。

Ask him to check the information out for us.请他为我们核实一下信息。

We’d better check the whole room out in case it has been bugged .

我们最好检查一下整个房间以免有蛀虫。

The trainees checked out all right.

这些培训学员完全合格。

She checked out 6000 dollars.她提款6000美元。

5.for a start/to start with首先，第一点

You have no right to be here, to start with.

首先，你无权在此。

It won’t work：for a start, we don’t have so much money and secondly we cannot get the permission.

那不行，首先我们没那么多钱，其次我们不能被批准。

He went through several houses, but haven’t bought one yet.

他看了好几套房子，但一套还没买。

The country has gone through too many wars.这个国家已经历了太多的战争。

The plan must go through several stages.

这个计划必须经历几个过程。

He hasn’t gone through with his composition yet.

他还没写完作文。

How many people were present at the meeting?多少人出席了会议？

What present do you want for Christmas this year?

Now that the sports meet is over, our principal will present the prize.

既然运动会已结束，我们校长将颁奖。

I’m not going to buy a car at the present high prices.

以目前的高价，我不打算买小汽车了。

She will be here presently.

她不久就会来。

(5)常用短语：

at the present time = at present目前，现在

Please pass me the bread and butter.

请递给我面包奶油。

Pass the word to him that Napolean will come himself.

把拿破仑要亲自来的消息告诉他。

Because of the large crowd in the street the truck was unable to pass.

Nobody can go into the hall without a pass.

没有通行证，任何人不准进入大厅。

Can you pick out your brother in the crowd?

你能在人群中认出你弟弟吗?

The houses in the painting picked out in white.

画上的房子以白色而显得醒目。

It’s so beautiful！How did you pick it out?

这么漂亮！你是怎么挑出来的？

10.troop n./v.

A troop of school children went into the museum.

一大群学生走进了博物馆。

The local people demand the withdrawal（撤退）of foreign troops.

当地的人们要求撤退外国军队。

The students trooped up on the sports ground.

学生们在操场上集合。

We all trooped into/out of the hall.

fly the Atlantic / the English Channe/ a distance of 2000 km

Supplies of food have been flown to the refugees.

补给的粮食空运给那些难民。

The children are flying their kites.

Time flies like an arrow. 光阴似箭。

The little girl flew to her grandmother.

butter（奶油）+fly（苍蝇）=butterfly（蝴蝶）

fire（火）+fly（苍蝇）= firefly（萤火虫）（=lighting-bug,美语）

municate v.

communicate information/feelings/news…to sb.把信息、感情、消息……传递/传达给某人

I’ll communicate the news to you directly.

communicate with sb.(by)用……与某人联络/沟通

We communicate with each other by telephone/letter.

我们用电话/信件彼此沟通。

拓展：communication n.通讯消息pl.通讯系统

Radio and television are important means of communication.

收音机和电视机是信息交流的重要工具。

Communications satellite helps the human a lot in many ways .

通讯卫星在很多方面对人类有很大的帮助。

13.beeline n.两地之间的直线；捷径（指蜜蜂采蜜后径直飞向蜂房，这条路叫beeline）

（1）make a beeline for sb./sp.走近路；走直路；向……直行

As soon as the meeting was over, he made a beeline for the pub.

会议一结束，他就直接上了酒吧。

If you want to catch up with them, you’d better make a beeline for them.

如果你想赶上他们，你最好抄近路去。

The pupils went to the museum in a beeline.

孩子们直接走向博物馆。

e to light 发现，暴露（= be discovered / exposed /found out / be brought to light）

Much more new evidence has come to light(has been discovered/has been exposed/has been brought to light),so the judges have to sentence the man to death.

新的证据不断被发现，所以法官们不得不判这个人死刑。

When the old woman died, it came to light that she was actually very rich.

老太婆死后，人们才发现她其实很富有。

Your idea is different from mine.

你的想法和我的不同。

对比：make sb./ sth. different from使某人/某物不同于……

Her special accent makes her different from others.

她特殊的口音使她与众不同。

16.one after another一个一个地，表示数量多并连续出现

School was over and students went out of the school gate one after another.

放学了，学生们一个接一个地走出校门。

Don’t hurry! You should enter the office one by one.

不要着急，你们应该一个个地走进办公室。

拓展：by and by一点一点地，逐渐地 little by little一点一点地

17.amaze vt.使……惊奇 = astonish, surprise

The news amazed us greatly.这条消息使我们感到很惊奇。

拓展：（1）amazed人对……感到吃惊的；amazing（某物）……信人吃惊的。

They were all amazed at the amazing news.

听到这个令人吃惊的消息他们感到惊讶。

(2)amazement n.

To my amazement, they have gone to Xishuangbanna.

让我奇怪的是，他们去西双版纳了。

类似短语：to one’s happiness/excitement/sadness/puzzlement

18.the more…,the more… 越……就越……

The harder you study, the more progress you’ll make.

越努力学习，你的进步就越大。

Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.

我们的校园变得越来越美丽了。

19.again and again = time and time again = over and over = over and over again再三地

The old man thinks of his happy past again and again.

As we joined the big crowd. I got from my friends.

A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed

分析：A。get separated from sb.和某人分开。

-How are the team playing?

-They’re playing well, but one of them hurt.

分析：A。got hurt意为“受伤”。get后接过去分词表示被动，受伤的事发生在过去，要用一般过去时。

It long before we the result of the experiment.

A. will not be; will know B. will not be; knew

C. will not be; know D. is; know

分析：C。It will not be long是主句，意为不久；在before引导的时间状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来。

at the door before entering, please.

A. Knocked B. To knock C. Knocking D. Knock

We’re living in an age many things are done on computer.

A. which B. that C. whose D. when

分析：D。此题考查定语从句要填入的引导词应该在从句中作时间状语，故用when.

There is a feeling in me we’ll never know what a UFO-not ever.

A. that B. which C. of which D. what

分析：A。根据句意“我有一种感觉--我们永远不会知道UFO是什么，而不是曾经（不知道）。”that引导的同位语从句解释feeling的内容。

It is believed that if a book is , it will surely the reader.

A. interested; interest B. interesting; be interested

C. interested; interesting D. interesting; interest

分析：D。interesting有趣的；interest vt.使……感到有趣。

It was because of bad weather the football match had to be put off.

分析：D。这是一个强调句，对because of bad weather进行强调，强调句的结构是It is/was + 被强调的部分+that(who)…

It was for this reason her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in small village.

分析：C。这是一个强调句for this reason进行强调，其明显标志是介词for.

高考课件(篇4)

n.考虑

That matter is under consideration.那件事正在考虑之中。

Before writing your answers please give careful consideration to the questions.

请在回答之前仔细考虑一下问题。

需要考虑的事;动机,原因

Price and quality are the two chief considerations.价格和质量是两个主要考虑的问题。

体贴;关心

He showed no consideration for his wife.他不体贴他的妻子。

give one's careful consideration加以慎重考虑

in consideration of考虑到， 由于;以作...的谢礼， 酬劳

leave out of consideration没有考虑， 忽略

out of consideration for出于对...的考虑； 体谅

the first consideration第一要件， 头等要事

2 charge vt.索价;对...索费;课(税)

This store often charges only 65 US cents a dozen for large eggs.

一打大鸡蛋在这家店里常常仅卖六十五美分。

把...记入帐册,赊购

Don't forget to charge the money of the shoes to my account.

别忘了把鞋钱记在我帐上。

控告,指控

He was charged with stealing.他被控犯有偷窃行为。

指责;谴责

The statement charged that their actions violated the agreement.

The battery needs to be charged.这电池需要充电了。

vi.索价;收费

The store doesn't charge for delivery.该店免费送货。

n.费用,价钱,索价

The charge for admission is US.入场费五美元。

掌管;照顾;责任

控告,指控

He was arrested on the charge of robbery.他因被控犯有抢劫罪而被捕。

have (the) charge of负责..., 主管...

in charge of 负全责, 经管, 照顾;在...掌管之下, 由...经管

in the charge of sb.由某人负责, 由某人照料

3 blame：可以用作动词和名词，主要义项有：归咎于；责怪；责任等。作动词没有用语言责骂的意思。构成短语：blame sb. for…“因某事责备某人”；blame sth. on sb.; put/ lay the blame on sb.“把某事归咎于某人”；be to blame (for…)注意该短语中的不定式to blame为主动形式，但表示被动意思。

Eg. He blamed me for my carelessness.

Comrade Li is not to blame for the accident.

注意：比较scold表示唠唠叨叨地“数说”，而不是用肮脏语言骂人。一般多用于母亲对孩子、妻子对丈夫等情况。

Eg. The mother scolded the boy for not cleaning up his room.

4 loss n.丧失;遗失

He suffered a temporary loss of memory.他暂时丧失了记忆。

损失;亏损(额)

It is a great loss to her.这是她的巨大损失。

His death means a great loss to science.他的死是科学的重大损失。

输,失败

The loss of the first game did not discourage them.

第一场比赛的失败并没有令他们沮丧。

短语：

at a loss ①低于成本的：sell the merchandise at a loss.赔本卖出货物

②迷惑的；不解的：I am at a loss to understand those remarks. 我不理解那些话

5 annoy：用作动词，主要表示“打扰；使烦恼”的意思。构成短语：annoy…with sth./by doing sth.; be annoyed with/at…。

Eg. These flies are annoying me.

Don’t annoy your neighbor by singing loudly at night.

She was annoyed with him because he was late.

associate one thing with another把某一事与另一事联系起来

We associate China with the Greet Wall.我们想起中国, 就联想到长城。

associate oneself with加入; 参与; 与...发生联系

associate with和...来往, 和...共事, 同...联合; (在思想上)同...联系在一起

7 appeal vi.呼吁,恳求

He appealed to me for help.他向我求援。

He appealed to his friends for support.他请求朋友支持。

诉诸,求助

We will appeal to a great variety of sources of information.我们将求助于多种资料来源。

有吸引力,迎合爱好

The idea appealed to Mary.这主意正合玛丽的心意。

【律】上诉

He appealed against the five-year sentence he had been given.

appeal to向...呼吁;投合...的心意; 引起...的兴趣;诉诸(武力)

appeal to sb. for为...向某人呼吁

8 profit：可以用作名词和动词。主要义项有：收益；利润；赢利；益处；从……吸取教训；得益于某事物。用作名词构成词组：earn/make a profit“赢利”；gain profit“获益”。用作动词时的结构为profit by/from doing sth.

Eg. They’re only interested in a quick profit.

They make a profit of ten pence on every copy they sell.

He profited greatly from his year abroad.

I have profited from your advice.

We gained a lot of profit from your advice.我们从你的建议中获益匪浅。

注意：用作名词，表示“利润；赢利”时，既可是可数名词也可是不可数名词；表示“益处”时，为不可数名词。

9 attach vt.装上,贴上,系上

He'll attach the label to your luggage.他会把标签系在你的行李上。

使依附;使附属

This hospital is attached to the medical college nearby.这个医院附属附近的那所医学院。

(与oneself连用)使参加;使附着

He attached himself to the expedition.他参加了那个探险队。

把...归于

How can you attach the blame for this accident to the taxi-driver?

你怎么能把这次事故的责任归于出租车司机呢?

注意：在表示“系、拴”的意思时，还可以用fasten和tie。表示“系在……的上面”，可用短语attach/fasten/tie… to…。

attached adj.依恋；爱慕be attached to…;

10 deliver：用作动词，主要义项有：递送；传送；引渡；自首；发表演讲等。常用结构为deliver…to…。

Eg. The mailman delivers the mail twice a day in this area.

He delivered himself to the police.

He delivered a long speech.

figure n.数字；人像；肖像；图表；人影 v.出现；（out）计算出；理解；推想

shape n.形状；（模糊的）人影=figure v.做成某物的形状

figure in算进; 参加; 包括进; 参与; 与...有牵连; 在...出现; 在...担任一定角色

figure out算出, 估计, 推测; 解决; 了解, 领会到; 断定

figure out at总共..., 合计...

13 get across 使通过；讲清楚, 使人了解；触犯; 与...搞坏关系

get over越过；克服; 忍受；复原, 痊愈；

get through 完成；及格；通过；用尽；打通(电话)

get through to(通过电话、无线电等) 与......联系; 与......通话；使......了解

1 quit vt.离开;退出He quitted Paris after a week.他一周后离开了巴黎。

放弃 He has quit smoking.他已戒了烟。

解除,免除She finally quit herself of fear.她终于消除了恐惧。

【美】停止Quit muttering!别嘀咕!

【口】辞职I'm going to quit next week.我将在下周辞职。

a.摆脱了...的,了结的

I gave him money to be quit of him.我给了他钱为的是要摆脱他。

The old man bent with a heavy burden on his back.老人因背着重负而弯腰。

vt.加重压于,加负担于,烦扰

The government burdened the nation with heavy taxes.政府使国民负担重税。

加负荷于,使载重

He was burdened with a large bundle of magazines.他吃力地捧着一大捆杂志。

A desperate man will stop at nothing to get what he wants.

一个亡命之徒为了达到自己的目的什么事都做得出来。

His failure made him desperate.他因失败而铤而走险。

He was desperate when he lost all his money.当他丢了所有的钱时,他绝望了。

极度渴望的

He was desperate for work to provide for a large family.

他渴望有个工作,挣钱供养子女众多的家。

4 accustom vt.(常后接oneself或用被动式)使习惯(于)

These people are accustomed to hard work.这些人惯于艰苦的工作。

Eg. Wait - don’t leave me behind.

It won’t rain; you can leave your umbrella behind.

Eg. Leave me alone.

Eg. When will the snow leave off?

He left my name off the list.

Eg. This word is wrongly spelt; you’ve left out a letter.

Don’t leave me out!

Eg. These matters will have to be left over until the next meeting.

Eg. Keep up your courage.

Will the fine weather keep up?

How much does it cost you to keep up your large house and garden?

Eg. They have shut the door and mean to keep us out.

Eg. Keep off the grass!

I hope you’ll keep out of trouble while I’m away.

Eg. She was unable to keep back her tears.

A certain percentage of your salary is kept back by your employer as an insurance payment.

注意：lose one’s way也可以用get lost表示同样的意思。

to go about cultivating the wasteland开始垦荒

go ahead 先走, 走在前面; 继续前进;进步; 成功;

go for 去拿, 尽力得到;拥护, 支持, 赞助

She doesn't go for men of this type.她不喜欢他这种类型的男人

go in for 从事于;爱好, 追求, 沉迷于;参加, 加入

Young people should never simply go in for material comforts.年青人永远也不应一味地追求物质享受。

go over 越过; 走完; 转向(to); 改变立场; 车(翻倒)

go through 通过(考试等); 经过;审阅; 检查;经历(困难、痛苦等), 忍受

4 Bring in profits 对某人有益, bring in profits

5. open one's heart freely自由地敞开心扉

9 display one's sympathy for sb 表现对…的同情

13. have an eye for 有眼力，把眼睛盯着，关注； 能判断；能欣24. 赏

23. be sentenced to 8 years in prison被判8年徒刑

have a good/clear conscience问心无愧

have a bad conscience有愧于良心， 内疚

according to one’s conscience = in all conscience凭良心

2. admit (admitted) vt.承认;准许…进入; 容纳=seat/hold/contain vi.容许;承认

admit sb./sth into /to …允许某人进入…获准入学

admit sb./sth. to be adj. 承认。。。是。。

admit sth/ doing 承认…

admit (to sb.) that –clause 向某人承认。

短语admit sb. as的意思为“接纳某人为……”

3. abundant adj.大量的,充足的; 丰富的,富裕的 be abundant in = be rich in= be well supplied with

①There is abundant rainfall in our hometown./ ②Fish are abundant in the lake.

③Iraq is abundant in oil.

4.occupy vt.占(空间/时间), 占用; 使忙碌,使全神贯注;占领,侵占=take/seize;担任(职务)=hold

occupy oneself with / (in) doing sth. be occupied with/ (in) doing sth.

①The table occupies a lot of space.(takes up)

③His lecture occupied two hours.（took）

④The newcomers are occupied in writing letters home.(are busy writing/ are engaged in writing)

⑥He occupies an important position in the government.(holds)

5.close up (暂时)关闭 down (永久性的或长期的)关闭

7 anyhow= anyway：adv. “无论如何；无论怎样”，可以位于句首，也可位于句尾。

Eg. It’s too late now, anyway/anyhow.

Anyway, you can try, even if there’s not much chance of success.

注意：在表示“喜欢、关心、照顾”时，两个短语意思和用法基本相同。在表示“介意、在乎”时，只用care about，特别在后跟v.-ing时，不用care for。但在表示比较客气、委婉的“要不要……”意思时，用care for。

Eg. The house is in want of repair.

8. fall behind 落后 fall sick / ill fall down跌倒 fall over 摔交 fall into 陷入; 跌入 fall off 掉下 fall back 后退;退让 fall asleep

13 in common （团体）共同的；公有的16.make mistakes 犯错误

14.take patience to 有耐心去做….

16. regardless of…不顾 /不管 /不关心…

19. be anxious about / to do be eager for / to do be curious about

20. more than + 数词 = over more than + n. =only more than + v. =very，深为

more than can/could = not more than + adj./ adv. = very非常

21. get stuck/burnt/hurt/dressed/separated/

washed/changed/lost/married/drunk

1 stick：可以用作名词和动词，名词的意思为“棒，棍”。作动词时构成短语stick to多表示“坚持原则、计划、诺言、决定等”，还有“继续做某事”的意思。其宾语多是名词rules, plan, idea, promise, decision等。

Eg. Though we all think the plan should be changed, the manager still sticks to his own idea.

That’s my story and I’m sticking to it.

You must stick to the task until it is finished.

其短语有：stick out“伸出；突出”；stick up“突出；伸出；竖立”。

注意：insist也可表示“坚持”。其用法为：insist是及物动词，其后常接宾语从句，这时它有两个含义：（1）“坚持认为”，其宾语从句要用陈述语气；（2）“坚持要求”，其宾语从句要作虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形”。insist on则表示“坚持做某事”，某宾语常用动词-ing形式或名词。介词on也可改用upon，意思不变。

无论insist还是stick都不能与动词不定式连用。

【口】(通常用于疑问句和否定句)容忍,忍受

I can't stick such people.我无法容忍那种人。

Are you stuck over your algebra?你的代数题做不下去了吧?

be stuck with\over被...缠住无法摆脱, 遇到困难无法进行下去

2 acquire.“取得，获得”指通过漫长的过程逐步获得或学到。

She acquired a knowledge of French.

He has acquired a good knowledge of history in these few years.

Gradually we acquired experience in how to do the work.我们逐步获得了做这工作的经验。

She has mastered English grammar and acquired a large vocabulary without the help of a teacher.她在没有老师指导的情况下,掌握了英语语法,学到了大量词汇。

3 Regardless of their theories , …(p67.para1)

He says what he thinks, regardless of other people’s feeling. 他想到什么就说什么，毫不考虑别人的感受。

Eg. She was knocked down by a bus.

These old houses are going to be knocked down.

The painting was knocked down for ,000.

（2）knock against撞击Eg. The pickpocket knocked against me on purpose.

Eg. He knocked into the teacher when he rushed into the classroom.

（4）knock over推翻 Eg. You’ve knocked over my drink!

If I hear another word from you,you will go where it is really cold.

要是再听到你说一个冷字，我就叫你到真正冷的地方去。

where在此引导地点状语从句，修饰主句的谓语，表示“在……地方；到……地方；无论什么地方”。要注意和where引导定语从句的区别，引导定语从句时，修饰表示地点的先行词(名词)。

例:He left the key where it lay.他把钥匙放在了原位置。

The official policy encouraged people to stay where they were.

政府的政策鼓励人们待在原处。

Please just sit where you want.你想坐哪里就坐哪里。

(1)wherever和everywhere也可以用来引导地点状语从句。如:

He is kindly received wherever he goes.

Everywhere I went,people were very happy.

(2)where和wherever可置于possible或necessary之前，其含义为when或whenever

All the experts agree that,wherever possible,children should learn to read in their own way.

例:Having no children of their own they decided to adopt an orphan.

他们因没有亲生儿女，决定领养一个孤儿。

Paul’s mother had him adopted because she couldn’t look after him.

保罗的母亲因为自己无力抚养他，便把他送给别人收养了。

He is their adopted son.他是他们的养子。

Our school has adopted a new teaching method.我们学校采用了新的教学法。

We’d like to adopt your idea.我们想采纳你的意见。

短语adopt sb.as...还有“挑选某人作为……”的意思。名词为adoption。

6 .fall behind该短语既可以是及物动词短语，也可以作不及物动词短语，表示“落后；掉队；推迟(和with连用)”等。

例:Be quick,or you will fall behind.快点，不然就掉队了。

France has fallen behind Germany in coal production.法国在煤炭生产上落后于德国了。

Make sure not to fall behind with your rent,please.请不要拖欠房租。

fall into开始……起来。陷入;如:

They fall into lively discussion of the question.他们热烈地讨论起这个问题。

fall away离弃，脱离。如:

All his old friends fall away from him.他所有的老朋友都远离了他。

fall off跌落，减少。如:

He fell off the horse。他从马背上摔了下来。

fall ill患病。如:

His mother fell seriously ill in hospital.他的母亲在医院里病得很重。

例:I haven’t the patience to hear your complaints again.我没有耐心再听你的抱怨。

She has no patience with people who are always grumbling.

她不能容忍那些常常发牢骚的人。

If you don’t stop making that noise,I’m going to lose my patience.

patient adj. 有耐心的。构成短语:be patient with 对……有耐心。

8 consequence n.结果,后果

I'm quite willing to accept the consequences.我完全愿意承担后果。

重大,重要(性)

He is a man of great consequence.他是一个很重要的人物。

answer for the consequences对后果负责

in consequence of...的结果， 因为...的缘故， 由于

高考课件(篇5)

1．He did what he could to help the students．

析：情态动词could后应接动词原形。此句中的不定式符号to似乎应去掉，但实际上，此处的could后省去了原形动词do以免重复，不定式to help the students作目的状语。

2．He told us all what he had seen in the park．

析：先行词为不定代词all时，应用关系代词that引导的定语从句。此句中的what似乎应改为that。但实际上，此处的all为代词，作us的同位语，意为“我们所有人”，what引导一个宾语从句。

3．Judging from his accent，he must be from America．

析：现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句子主语保持一致。此句中的Judging似乎应改为J udged。但实际上，此处的judging from为现在分词的固定结构，无需考虑其逻辑主语是否与句子主语一致。

4．If he will listen to me，I'll give him some advice．

析：if引导的条件状语从句的动作如尚未发生，其谓语应用现在时而不用将来时。此句中的 will似乎应去掉。但实际上，will在表示意愿、意图、决心时，可用于条件状语从句中。

5．His uncle has come here for seven days．

析：非延续性动词的现在完成时不可与用作时间状语且表示一段时间的for短语连用。此句中的come似乎应改为been。但实际上，此处的for seven days是作目的状语，相当于to sta y （for）seven days。

6．He is too clever not to believe what she said．

析：too…to…结构常用来表达否定意义，意为“太…不…”。此句中的not似乎应去掉。但实际上，too…not to…结构是用来表达一种肯定含义，意为“太…不会不…”。

7．They all think Tom to be a disappointing boy．

析：现在分词作定语或表语，表示事物的性质特征，过去分词作定语或表语，表示人物的心理活动或状态。此句中的disappointing 似乎应改为disappointed。但实际上，现在分词作定语修饰人时同样表示性质特征，意为“使（令）人…”。

8．He asked me what was on on TV that night．

析：具有完全相同的词性和词意的两个词中间如没有连词就不可连用。此句中的两个on似乎应去掉一个，但实际上，此处的两个on各不相同，第一个on为副词，意为“…在进行（上演） ”，第二个on为介词，意为“在…上”。

9．Time should be made full use of to study hard．

析：介词后面应接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，不可接不定式作宾语，此句中的to study似乎应改为studying。但实际上，此处的made full use of 的逻辑宾语是句子的主语time，不定式to study hard 作目的状语。

10．Would you like to have attended the meeting to be held tomorrow？

析：would like后接不定式一般式表示“主语现在或将来想要做某事”。此句中的to have attended 似乎应改为to attend。但实际上，would like后接不定式完成式表示“主语过去本来想要做某事”。

11．The film was so moving it made us moved．

析：so…that…意为“如此…以致”，that引导结果状语从句。此句中的moving后似乎应加上连词that。但实际上，此结构中的that在引导结果状语从句时可被省略。

12．He didn't allow us smoking in the office．

析：动词allow后接不定式作宾语补足语，即allow sb．to do sth．此句中的smoking似乎应改为to smoke。但实际上，此处的allow后是接动名词作宾语，us为smoking的逻辑主语，也可用our替换。

13．He told his brother to try a third time．

析：序数词前应加定冠词表示特指。此句中的不定冠词a 似乎应改为the。但实际上，序数词前也可加不定冠词，表示泛指，意为“又一，再一”。

14．He had a delicious lunch in that restaurant．

析：在一日三餐的名词前通常不加冠词。此句中的不定冠词a似乎应去掉。但实际上，一日三餐的名词前有修饰语时应加冠词。

15．She thinks it is a most interesting book．

析：the most与多音节形容词或副词连用，构成最高级，意为“最…”。此句中的不定冠词a 似乎应改为the。但实际上，a most与（多音节）形容词或副词连用，用来加强语气。most相 当于very，意为“很、非常、极其”。

16．Such little children can't carry the stone．

析：可数名词复数或不可数名词前的形容词为many，few，much，little时，应用so来修饰，而不用such，此句中的such似乎应改为so。但实际上，此处的little不表示“少”而是表示“ 小”。

17．There is no need for you to report it to the teacher．

析：代替不定式短语、动名词短语或名词性从句作句子的形式主语应用it。此句中的There似乎应改为It。但实际上，此处的不定式短语for you to report it to the teacher是作定语，修饰名词need。

18．His tone suggests that he is satisfied with our work．

析：动词suggest后接宾语从句时，从句的谓语应用虚拟语气形式即“（should）+动词原形”。意为“建议”，此句中的is似乎应改为be。但实际上，此处的suggest表示“暗示、表明 ”，宾语从句的谓语应用陈述语气形式。

19．What he enjoys makes us very surprised．

析：动词enjoy后应接动名词作宾语。此句中的makes似乎应改为making。但实际上，此处的 enjoys的宾语是引导主语从句的连接词what，makes作主句的谓语。

20．I'll be very happy if you could come here．

析：在含有从句的主从复合句中，主从句的时态在时间的关系上通常应保持一致。此句中的could似乎应改为can。但实际上，此处的could表示的是一种客气委婉的语气，指的是现在或将来。

21．I think his brother cannot do the work too well．

析：动词think后接否定意义的宾语从句时，通常应将构成否定的副词not移到动词think前 。此句中的cannot似乎应改为can，在think前加don't。但实际上，此处的cannot…too… 尽管形式上是否定的，但却表达肯定的意义，是一种较为特殊的结构，意指“无论…也不为过，越…越…”。

22．-He died last night． -I don't believe it．

析：动词believe后接宾语从句时常常承前省略，若为肯定意义，常被省略成so，若为否定意义，常被省略成not或not…so。此句中的it似乎应改为so。但实际上，此对话的前半部分提供的是一个事实，其后应用it来指代这一事实，表示“难以相信…”，而不是陈述自己的看法或观点。

23．I have read the article in some magazine．

析：some在表示“一些、若干”含义修饰可数名词时，此可数名词应用复数形式。此句中的 magazine似乎应改为magazines。但实际上，some在修饰单数可数名词时，表示“某一个”。

24．He rushed out from behind the door．

析：介词后面通常应接名词、代词、动名词或what从句。此句中的behind似乎应去掉。但实际上，某些介词像from后也可再接一个介词短语，使得语意具体、准确。此处的behind如去掉，则语意不当。

25．He was about to go out at that time．

析：be about to do sth．意为“即将（正要）做…”，其后通常不应再接一个具体的时间状 语，此句中的at that time 似乎应去掉。但实际上，at that time表示的是句子谓语动作发生的时间界限即在“当时”，而不是表示谓语动作发生的时间范围。

26．My brother envies you your good health．

析：动词envy意为“羡慕、嫉妒”，“羡慕你的好身体”从语意上讲完全正确，此句中的you似乎应去掉。但实际上，envy是一个必须后接双宾语的动词。

27．All but he had managed to escape from the fire．

析：介词后接人称代词时应用其宾格形式，此句中的he似乎应改为him。但实际上，介词后面的人称代词如在谓语动词之前，可用其主格形式代替宾格。

28．The student was on his way to see a film．

析：on one's （the）way to …意为“在去…的路上”，其中的to常被当作介词后接动名词 ， 此句中的see似乎应改为seeing。但实际上，此处的to也可作为不定式符号，后接动词原形。

29．He wasn't well that day，so that he didn't go there．

析：连词so在连接两个并列分句时，存在着一种因果关系，即前分句为原因，后分句为结果 。此句中的第二个that似乎应去掉。但实际上，so that 这一关联词除了引导目的状语从句外，也可引导结果状语从句。

30．He listened to the teacher nice and carefully．

析：修饰动词应用副词。此句中的nice and 似乎不恰当，应去掉。但实际上，“nice （good fine）+and”是一个特殊的固定结构，用来强调后面的形容词或副词，加强语气，相当于very，意为“很，十分，非常”。

高考课件(篇6)

一.活动目的：为了创建团结友爱，努力上进的班级，增进同学之间的感情及针对本班有部分同学学习目的不明确，部分同学对高考很不自信的现象而开展的主题班会。

二、活动准备：全班同学预先学唱《明天会更好》这首歌，几位同学准备好励志文章，发言稿等

主持人：冯海斌 邓丽园

三、活动过程：

1．男女主持人宣布主题班会开始。 2．全班合唱《明天会更好》。

3．通过演讲，分清自信，自卑，自大，充分说明自信的重要。

4．完善成长档案，制定班训和高考口号 5．班主任发言

班会流程：

主持人：全班合唱《明天会更好》班会开始（1）自信的重要性：自信是成功的第一秘诀──爱默生

举例说明（略）通过以上由远而近，由名人到身边的同学等几个例子让同学深深体会要成功首先要自信。

主持人：请一些同学说说自己不够自信的表现及造成影响，从反面例子引入自信的重要性。

主持人：请班上个别比较自信并对自信的重要性深有体会的同学谈体会。大家知道了自信的重要性后，就要懂得判断自己是不是一个自信的人。

（2）．自信的表现： 励志演讲《谁是自信者》

主持人问：文章中的Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ三人分别是什么心理的表现？”结合文章中的三个人物比较，概括出自卑、自信、自大的特点。

自卑——过低地评价自己，看不到自己的优点。自大——过高地评价自己，看不到自己的缺点。

自信——恰当地评价自己的优缺点。

主持人：判断自己是否一个自信的人，如果不是的话如何着手建立自己的信心呢？

主持人（3）.建立自信的方法；主持人提出一个问题：“学习成绩不理想的同学如何建立学习信心？”。提出这个问题是因为很多同学进入高三后发觉周围强手如云，加上第一次模拟考很多同学觉得成绩很不理想，于是学习信心发生了动摇。而学习信心对学习成绩有很大影响。请大家带着对这个问题的思考，看如何利用接下来学习的建立自信的一般方法来解决这个问题。刚才我们在比较自卑、自信、自大时知道自卑的人往往看不到自己的优点，所以要克服自卑、建立自信首先要清楚自己身上有些什么优点、能力和特长。认识自己的优点、能力和特长每个人都会有他特有的优点、特长，关键是自己能否认识到和把他们发挥出来。如何认识自己身上存在哪些优点呢？“列优点清单”大家要学会从多方位评价自己，把自己各方面的优点、罗列出来。填好成长档案。具体详细地写出自己在学习能力、交际能力、文娱才能、体育强项、性格方面、动手能力和其它方面存在哪些优点和长处，写在自我评价一栏。再请教师过目看有什么异议，达成共识，以保证自评优点的准确性。当我们知道自己有这么多优点时信心自然会增强。发现自己有过人之处就应制定计划发展这一特长，当我们知道自己有优点一定要充分发挥出来。对自已不足的地方一定要改正。

6．男主持对班里出现的不良现象提出问题，由各小组回答。制定班训及口号，填好成长档案

四、主持人请班主任作总结性发言。结束语：总之每个人身上总会存在优点，存在某些过人之处，只有保持自信，明确目标，付出真正的努力，满怀信心地向目标一步步行进，成功才会是属于你的。希望每个同学都有美好的未来。在今年的高考中力争优异成绩！

五、主持人宣布主题班会顺利结束。

高考课件(篇7)

61. From the passage, we can infer that the leaning Tower of Pisa does not fall is because______.

A. the top of the tower is heavier than its bottom

B. the bottom of the tower is not heavier than its top

C. its center of gravity is still above the line of its bottom

D. its center of gravity is not above the line of its bottom

T: 文中说This empty box must fall over, because its center of gravity (c) is not over the line of its bottom(AB)

-----It will not fall, because its center of gravity is above its bottom.从中我们可以得知答案。做这种题时要注意，我们应该站在作者的立场上分析问题，去揣摩作者的意图，切忌根与自己的观点或者社会经验去推测。

3．猜测词义题。

卷子上有一道猜测词义的题，你作对了吗？

T: 没关系，下面我给大家介绍几种猜词技巧，大家一边听我讲，一边听一边看一下观灯片上的句子。

(1)构词法。A.The room is uncomfortable to live in. 我们都能理解由comfort→comfortable→uncomfortable

的变化过程。平时大家就应该增强对各种词缀的敏感程度，在阅读中灵活运用构词法猜测词义。

（2）根据定义猜测词义。

b. A calendar is a list of days, weeks, months of a particular year.

c. Mary is indecisive, that is, she can’t make up her mind.

d. He needs a conditioner, a system that keep air in a place cool and warm.

咱们试着猜一下划线词的意思吧！

(3) 根据下句对上句的理解。

e. I am a resolute man. Once I set up a goal, I won’t give it up easily.

f. The door was so low that I hit my head on the lintel.

（5）借助词与词关联猜测词义。

g. She is studying glaucoma and other diseases of the eye.

根据other diseases 我们不难知道 glaucoma 肯定是眼病的一种

h. Most of us agreed; however, Bill dissented.

i. He was not frugal since he spent money so freely.

T；卷子上72题就用这种猜测方法。

72．The underlined word “cosy”(in the first paragraph) means”_____”

A. bright B. dirty C. comfortable D. dark

原文中“Although the inside of the boat is very cosy , it has no running water or electricity.”很明显although是一个转折连词，前后两个分句的意思是相反的，it has no running water or electricity 说的是缺点，although 所引导的分句中cosy 必定是一个褒义词。 几个选项中只有C选项符合。

T: 4 细节理解。从文章中找到相应词句作为依据，弄清细节，获得准确信息。

细节题中有排序、图表型，正误型等。

排序题的技巧在于对比所给几个选项的特点，而后对比关键项，利用排除法得出答案。例如：C篇64 题

64．Which is the correct order according to the story?

a. The girl took a lift back in her monitor’s car .

b. The girl went to see a film with her schoolmates

c. The girl wrote a diary to her mother.

d. The mother pretended to be watching TV.

e. The mother worried about her daughter’s returning late

A. b, e, a, d, c B. e, b, a, d, d C. b, a, e, d, c D. b, e, a, c, d

T: 对。图表型的题关键在于把文章内容与图表内容挂钩。B篇的60题是一个很好的例子。至于正误题，我们一定要看清人家问的是true or not true 以免犯不必要的错误。

Step 4 Summary and homework(3minutes)

T: Today we discuss the basic strategies and some specific skills about reading, which are very useful. Do you think so ? Yes. Today’s homework is another piece of paper for you to train your reading skills we learnt together today.

This is the story about the well-known millionaire. D.Rockefeller, and was told by a friend of his. This friend said that though Rockefeller gave away millions, he was very mean.(吝啬) about small sums of money.

One day he went to stay at a hotel in New York and asked for the cheapest room they had. Rockefeller said, “What is the price of the room?” The manager told him the price of the room.

“Is that the lowest priced room you have? I am staying at this hotel by myself and only need a small room.”

The manager said, “That room is the smallest and cheapest we have,” and added, “but why do you choose a poor room like that? When your son stays here, he always has our most expensive room: yours is our cheapest.”

“Yes”, said D.Rockefeller, “but his father is a wealthy man while mine isn’t.”

56. D.Rockefeller decided to have the cheapest room because__________.

A. He wanted to set an example to his son. B. He tried to save some money

C. His father was not a millionaire D. He hadn’t enough money to spend on himself

57. Which of the following puzzled the manager?

A. D. Rockefeller asked for the smallest and cheapest room

B. D. Rockefeller was so mean about money

C. D. Rockefeller was used to living the simplest life.

D. D. Rockefeller asked for the cheapest room while his son asked for the most expensive one.

58. What do you know about D. Rockefeller?

A. He was unwilling to spend much money on himself

B. He spoil（姑息）his son on purpose.

C. He was very strict with his son.

D. He didn’t care about what his son had done.

59.What do you know about D,Rockefeller?

A. He had nothing to do but enjoy himself.

B. His ideas about life were different from his father’s

C. He was the most wealthy man.

D. He felt satisfied with life.

Every object has weight. But the center of its weight is not always in the middle of the object. If the top of an object is heavier than its bottom, it will fall over easily. We say that its center of gravity(引力) is high. But if the bottom is heavier, it won’t fall easily. Then we say that its center of gravity is low.

Look at the first picture. This empty box must fall over, because its center of gravity(C) is not over the line of its bottom(AB).

Now look at the second picture. There is some heavy iron at the bottom of this box. It will not fall, because its center of gravity is above its bottom.

60. Please point out which box will not fall.

61. From the passage, we can infer that the leaning Tower of Pisa does not fall is because________.

A. the top of the tower is heavier than its bottom

B. the bottom of the tower is not heavier than its top

C. its center of gravity is still above the line of its bottom

D. its center of gravity is not above the line of it bottom

62. If an object has a low center of gravity,_______.

A. it won’t fall B. it won’t fall easily C. it is certain to fall over D. its top must be heavier

63. The passage is mainly about__________.

A. why things fall over B, a low center of gravity C. a high center of gravity D. that everything has weight

She is a cute (聪明的), quiet girl. As a daughter, she has no secrets from her mother, who is very pleased with her. But recently she has become somewhat mysterious (神秘的)，not so open as her: what if she falls in love, which is too early for a girl of her age. After all, she is reaching the “dangerous stage”. These thoughts have causes trouble in the mother’ mind.

One weekend the girl came to tell her mother that she was going to the cinema with her schoolmates and would return late. This was the first time her mother had agreed , and she couldn’t help worrying because her daughter had never away at night before. The mother waited till nine and her uneasiness(不安) got the upper hand over her. She decided to go out to meet her daughter. Just at that moment the noise of a car pulling up drew her to the window and ------there was her daughter, waving goodbye to a boy. Her heart missed a beat. When the girl came in, the mother was watching TV, pretending nothing had happened. “Mum, I’m back.” “Yeah.” “Sorry to be late. Still sitting up?” “Yes, Oh, that… Who’s that boy? “The daughter was stunned (发愣) for a moment. “Ah. It’s my monitor. He gave a lift on his way home. Mum, I’m going to bed”. All right. Go to sleep early.”

Next morning, when the mother went to the daughter’s room to do some tidying, she found her diary left at her pillow. After a few minutes’ hesitation(犹豫) she finally opened it to the entry of the night before. It read: Mum, it was love that make you ask, but it would show your understanding of me if you hadn’t.

Holding the diary, the mother fell in thought.

64. Which is the correct order according to the story?

a. The girl took a lift back in her monitor’ car.

b. The girl went to see a film with her schoolmates

c. The girl wrote a diary to her mother.

d. The mother pretended to be watching TV

e. The mother worried about her daughter’s returning late

A. b, e, a, d, c B, e, b, a, d, c C. b, a, e, d, c D. b, e, a, c, d

65. Which of the following is TRUE according to the story?

A. The girl knew her mother would ask her the questions about the boy.

B. What the girl did recently worried her mother.

C. The mother was eager to read her daughter’ diary the next day.

D. The girl’ diary was always unlocked.

66. From the diary, we can see the girl _____________.

A. thanked her mother for asking her B. thought her mother cared about her very much

C. thought it was her mother’s duty to asked her. D. thought understanding is better than simple love.

67. The main purpose of this article is to show that parents should_______.

A. care about what their children really think and how they feel

B. not give much freedom to their children.

C. Talk with their children about their early love.

D. Keep silent about their children’s privacy

68. Which can be the best title for this story?

A . Mother’ True Love B. Early love between Students

C. To Ask or Not to Ask D. Dangerous Age

Want to watch some performances during the holiday? Here are some from “What’s on”, China Daily”

The Moiseyey Dance Company will put on three performances in Beijing.

The company was set up in 1937 and has visited more than 60 countries on all continents, including 10 visits to the United States. The folk dances of the show will include 13 programmes of different styles. They include dances from Russia, Greece, Argentina, Egypt, China and many other countries.

Time :7:30pm, January 31～February2

Place: Century Theatre, 40 Liangmaqiaolu,

China Children’s Hand-in-Hand Art Troupe(剧团) will present two performances

The troupe has branches in 17 major Chinese cities. This time, 280 children from 14 cities and provinces will perform.

Programmes include songs and dances of different regions( 地区) and nationalities.

Place: China Children’s Theatre, 64 Donghuamen Dajie, Dongcheng District.

Some top Chinese performers will gather to recite (朗诵) famous dialogues from Chinese and foreign dramas and films.

The scenes are taken from classics like “Qu Yuan”, “ Thunder-storm”. Other dialogues are from films such as “Jane Eyre”

Place: Zhongshan Music Hall, Zhongshan Park, west of Tian An Men

69. From” What’s on “, we know that the Moiseyev Dance Company will performances________.

A. famous Russian folk dances only

B. dances of different styles from different countries

70. If you are a teacher and want to organize your pupils (under 10) to enjoy performance, _____may be useful.

A. 6466-0032 B. 6524-1831 C.6842-2653 D.6510-1309

71. If you’ re interested in recitation, don’t miss the chance to go to _________.

A. Zhongshan Music Hall B. China Chidren’s Theatre

C. Century Theatre D. Chang’an Grand Theatre

Sixty-year-old grandmother, Fiona Mcfee, is going to stop working next year and she decided to realize a childhood dream and sail around the coast of Scotland in a small boat. Although the inside of the boat is very cosy, it has no running water or electricity. Fiona says she can live without these things but she plans to take her small CD player, her hot water bottle and a bag of books to make sure life isn’t too uncomfortable.

We asked her if she was afraid of being at sea for so long. She said, “ Well, I’m going to take a good compass(指南针)。 Anyway I ‘m not afraid of death because I love the sea---- I just hope it loves me.” Friona certainly has plenty of energy; in her spare time , she enjoys playing the piano, rock-climbing , canoeing and dancing. Although she is sixty, she doesn’t want to have a quiet and peaceful life. “ I’m looking forward to having fun in the rest of my life and that’s exactly why I’d like to be a sailor for a while.

72. The underlined word “cosy” ( in the first paragraph) means”________”

A. bright B. dirty C. comfortable D. dark

73. When Fiona Mcfee said “I just hope it loves me”, she meant “_________”

A. Of course, it loves me , since I love it.

B. If I love it , it should love me.

C. I hope it will bring me a safe sailing as a return for my love of it.

D. I hope it will save my life when I am in time of danger.

74. What kind of person do you think the old woman is ?

A. Someone who doesn’t know how she is feeling.

B. Someone who is very proud and sure of her success

C. Someone who does’t ues her head much.

D. Someone who is open, honest and brave

75. The best title for this passage is __________.

A. Life Begins at Sixty B. A Round Coast Sail

C. An Old Woman Sailor D. An Unusual Hobby

Suggested Answer:56-59 BDAB 60-63 CCBA 64-68 ABDAC 69-71 BBA 72-75 CCDA

高考课件(篇8)

一．假定你的名字叫张明，是一名高二学生。你于6月28日用英语给李老师写了一封信。告诉她，你很喜欢英语。但是觉得单词很难记，并常犯语法错误。你希望老师给你提些建议，以便学好英语。

2、开头语、结束语已为你写好。

Dear Miss Li,

I’m a student in Senior One. I like English very much . But I have a lot of trouble in learning it. I find it difficult to remember English words and I often make lots of mistakes in grammar. Could you give me some advice on how to learn English well?

I’m sorry for giving you so much trouble.

I would be most grateful if you could write to me.

Best wishes!

Yours respectfully,

二．请你按要求写一篇日记（字数60-80）。要点如下：

1、月29日星期五乘车去爬山；2、原定早上8点钟出发，汽车9点钟才到；

3、车在路上出了毛病；4、到达山脚时天下大雨；将近下午5点钟雨才停。

My family and I decided to climb a mountain today. We had planned to set off at eight by bus. For some reason the bus didn’t come until nine o’clock. Unluckily (Unfortunately) for us, something went wrong with the bus on the way to the mountain. But when we arrived at the foot of the mountain, it began to rain heavily. It was nearly five o’clock in the afternoon when it stopped raining. Son we had to come back.

How disappointed I am today!

三．假如你是李刚，你写信邀请你的英国笔友Jackie来参加你班将举办的暑假夏令营（Summer camp）活动，并请他回信告诉你他是否能来。(字数：100字左右。) 内容要点如下：

1.活动时间：7月20日至7月27日； 2.地点：之江渡假村（holiday village）；

3.内容：参观杭州风景名胜；语言学习讲座；举办晚会等；

Dear Jackie,

Haven’t been able to write to you for a long time. I wonder how you are getting on recently.

As you know. the summer vacation in China is coming. And the students in our class are going to have a summer camp. Would you please have the pleasure to come and join us? The summer camp is going to be held in the Zhijiang Holiday Village from July 20th to July 27th. In the summer camp，we are going to pay a visit to the places of interest in Hangzhou. And we are going to have talks on the study of languages and have parties as well.

Oh, I’m sorry I have to stop here now. Would you please write to tell me whether you can come and when if you can.

Best wishes.

根据以下提示，以Our Great Country为题，写一篇60-80个词的短文，要求要点齐全，不要逐词翻译。

1．中国位于亚洲东部，是世界上最大的国家之一。

2．首都北京是政治文化（cultural）中心，有许多名胜。

3．伟大的祖国，历史悠久，人口众多，人民勤劳勇敢。

4．我们热爱我们的祖国。

China, which lies in the east of Asia, is one of the largest countries in the world. It is a great country with a long history. Beijing, the capital of China, is the political and cultural centre and has many places of interest. China has a large population and the Chinese people are brave and hardworking. We love our great country.

五．A New Use for Tony‘s Model Plane为题，根据上面图画所

描绘的故事，写一篇80词左右的短文。

A New Use for Tony’s Model Plane

Tony was flying his model plane in the fields. There were

dark clouds gathering in the sky . Suddenly it began to

pour down very heavily . Tony was wet all over and

had to stop flying his plane . But soon the rain stopped.

Tony started to fly his plane again. But this time he used

the cord of his plane as a clothes-line to dry his wet shirt.

So he found a new use for his model plane.

六．你（林兰）去找美国朋友Jenny不遇，留下一张便条。(词数：60-80字)

内容如下：

1． 今晚去蓝石电影院看影片“藏龙卧虎”(Hidden Dragon Crouching Tiger)

3． 在学校门靠附近乘301路公共汽车。在第三个站下车，向前走约5分钟，电影院在大型超市旁边。

Jenny,

I’ve come to tell you that we’re going to see the film Hidden Dragon Crouching Tiger this evening. We will meet at the gate of the Blue Stone Cinema at 7:30. I guess you would like to see the film. You can take a No301 bus near the school gate and get off at the third stop. Then walk straight ahead. It takes about 5 minutes. You’ll see a big super market. The cinema is next to it. You can’t miss it.

内容要点如下：

3. 过程：做准备活动（warm-up exercises）:老师讲解并示范； 我紧张而失败；不灰心，反复练习；终于跳过三米。

Yesterday afternoon we had a PE lesson. After warm-up exercises, our teacher told us the way of long jump and showed us how to do it. Then we followed the teacher and practiced one after another. Soon came my turn and I felt a little nervous. I failed the first time but I wasn’t discouraged. I kept on practicing. At last I managed to jump over three metres. From the lesson I came to see that one will succeed if one has perseverance.

八．假定你是张玲，你写信给某报编辑投诉服装质量问题.

内容包括：

1. 上星期天你在红星百货商店买了一件衬衫 2. 洗衣服时发现衬衫腿色

3. 回商店要求换一件，遭拒绝 3. 希望生产长厂家ABC公司关注产品质量

Editor,

I am writing to complain about the poor quality of a blouse produced by the ABC Company.

Last Sunday, I bought a blouse at Red Start, the largest department store in the city. The salesgirl said it was of good quality. But in fact, there was something wrong with it. When I washed it, the colour ran. I went back to the store to change it, but was refused. I felt very disappointed. I do hope the company will pay more attention to the quality of their goods if they want to get into the world market.

Thank you very much.

Yours faithfully,

Our English club has decided to organize a trip to the Nanhaizi Milu Park next Saturday, the 20th of October. We will meet at the school gate at 7:00 a.m. The school bus will leave at 7:15 a.m. Please be there on time.

Please get something ready for a picnic lunch. Be sure to wear strong shoes as we shall do a lot of walking. And don’t forget to bring your cameras.

We hope everyone in our club will join the trip.

Oct. 16.

Dear Li Yun,

Next Monday is my birthday. I’m going to hold a birthday party at home in the evening. It will begin at 7:30. Would you like to come? I’ve also invited some of my classmates and some friends of ours.

Now I live at 12 Guang Ming Road. You can take Bus No.23 or No.45, and get off at the stop of Guang Ming Road. Then walk south for 50 metres. It’s a red house with a white door. You can’t miss it.

I do hope you will come.

Today we had a new English teacher. His name is Zhang Wen. He is a tall, young man with a pair of glasses. He told us that he was glad to teach us English.

When he taught, he spoke English. At the beginning, I found it a bit hard to understand him, but at the end of the lesson I felt much better. I was really happy, because I could not only read English, but also understand English through listening.

In order to help with the study of English, the Students Union will hold an English report next week. We have invited Professor Cook from Sydney University to give us a talk. The lecture is about some features of Australian English. The talk will be given at the Lecture Hall on Oct. 12, starting at 3:30 P.M. Each class may send 10 students to attend the lecture.

Do be there on time.

no smoking , please!

Smoking is a bad habit. It is bad for the health of the smokers themselves and the people who are around them. In fact, many kinds of diseases are caused by smoking. Every year, millions of smokers die from smoking tobacco.

Smoking itself is a waste of money. It costs one so much money. Besides, many fires are often caused by careless smokers.

Young people! Don’t join the group of people in hospital, the group of dying people, because they smoke.

An English summer camp is going to be held in the Dinghu Mountain by the school from Auguest 1 to Auguest 10.

Here are the time tables. In the morning, spoken English and some lectures about western cultures will be arranged. In the afternoon, students are going to take part in some activities such as climbing mountains, swimming, and playing games. In the evening, English activities will be held, at which students will sing some English songs and put on some English plays. Those who want to go to the camp should register from June 25 to June 30 in the teachers’ office.

高考课件(篇9)

活动目的：

1、通过感受丰富多彩的大学生活驱使学生向往大学，激发学习的动力，迈向梦想的大学;

2、引导学生树立在高三复习时期的良好学习心态;

3、通过交流学习心得与方法，使学生能从中改进自身学习方法。

活动时间：20__/_/_

活动地点：高三(8)班

活动主持人：班长

活动过程：

一、教师致词：

高三，也如高山，用一年的时间攀登一座精神的高山，回头看时就会发现并非高不可攀，人生总是在翻山越岭，高考只是其中一座横跨在走向人生一个新的认识转折点的山，你们的人生还没走完，又如何知道高考是最高的那座山呢?在高三面前，有人胆怯了，有人迷惘了，有人失败了，甚至是倒在了高三的脚下，再也没有爬起来，要达到高山就要有一个好的开始做准备，调节好心理状态，风景总在高处!

二、展望风景

播放大学近三年的精选相片视频(题材包括大一军训、徒步前往黄埔军校、校运会、大学中秋晚会、比赛、春秋游、庐山内蒙古实习、上海海南的寒假经历、三下乡等)。

教师：大学不光是获得专业学科知识，职业技能的场所，更是人生丰富多彩的经历的一道亮丽风景。高考的脚步刚刚离去，又到了几家欢喜几家愁的时候。还记得三年前的这个时候，我和所有高三学子一样怀着忐忑不安的心情，为自己的小小未来担心着。

时光如梭，大学生活已经让我们适应下来了。经常也会回忆起高中时的种种。那时的天，那时的地，那时的生活……

你们步入高三，有没有无限的希冀和美好的蓝图，有没有准备好了在高三征程中的追逐?

学生发表感受

三、登高望远

讲述个人认为高三复习必须具备的良好心态及如何调整目前的不良情绪，把理论结合个人经历和他人真实经历来讲述。

四、互动交流

与学生交流个人的学习方法与经验，希望学生从中受到启发。

五、结束：希望同学们始终以坚定的斗志，旺盛的精神迎战高三的复习，我一直认为，高三是踏遍青山人未老，风景这边独好!

高考课件(篇10)

单项选择题是考查学生对句子的层次，对语法规则、词汇等掌握的情况，通过设定语境，词语或某些成分的位置变化等将考查知识与能力结合起来，突出语言的交际性、灵活性，实现知识与能力相结合的目标。有些题看起来似乎很难，很复杂，但只要学会掌握正确的分析问题的方法，那么，一切难题都是可以解答的。下面就一些题型的解题思路与技巧作一些归纳。

例.1. There are two small rooms in the house, ______is served as a kitchen .

A. the smaller of them B. the smaller of which

C. the smaller one D. the small one

2. ______ is well known, _____ Taiwan is part of China .

A. It; that B. It; which C. As; / D. As; that

例. --- Is Mrs White in the office ?

--- Yes, _____ she is on duty, she must be there today .

A. since B. until C. if D. while

例. I went to Beijing last week; ______ I met an old friend of mine .

A. there B. which C. where D. that

例. _____ some of this juice--- perhaps you’ll like it .

A. Trying B. Try C. To try D. Having tried

例. ______ several times, but he still does not know how to do it properly .

C. Having been shown D. I have shown him

例. 1. _____, we all went out for a picnic .

A. Being a fine day B. As being a fine day

C. It was a fine day D. It being a fine day

例. ____ can anyone be sure ______ look like in a million years ?

A. What; man will B. What; will man

C. That; man will D. That; will man

例. 1. Yu Gong talked of the difficulty he _____ the mountains in front of his house .

2. In my opinion, it is the best use _____ could be ______ this money .

C. which; made from D. that; made of

例. It was in the lab ____ was taken charge of by Drof. Havries ____ they did the experiment .

例. She looks forward every night to _____ American to study .

例. ____ we had been looking forward to .

A. After Kate stands the new teacher

B. Before Rose the new teacher stood

例. It was said ____ was ____ the Chinese raised silkworms .

A. that that; what B. what that; how

C. that that; how D. that what; that

1．判断动作的执行者：

例.1. --- Do you have any letters _____ , sir ?

--- Thank you . I have had them _____ .

A. typed; typed B. typing; typing

C. to type; type D. to be typed; typed

2.--- Do you have many exercises ______ tonight, Tom ?

--- Yes . Our teachers give us lots of exercises every day .

2． 从问答中找信息：

例. 1.--- Didn’t you pass the exam ?

--- _____, or I couldn’t _____ by my parents .

A. No, I did; be scolded B. No, I didn’t; have been scolded

C. Yes, I do; have scolded D. Yes, I did; have been scolded

2.--- Can I have _____ orange, Mum ?

--- Oh. Your sister has had it .

A. another B. an C. one more D. the other

3． 从谓语动词的时态来判断：

例. 1. The students feel happy that the building _____ is for the teachers, though there is much noise .

2. He must ____ a shower, for I can hear the water ______ .

C. have; running D. be having; running

3. The price _____, but I doubt whether it will remain so .

C. has gone down D. was going down

4． 从句中的时间状语来判断：

例. 1. The house _____ are for the teachers and construction work will begin soon .

A. built B. to be built C. to build D. being built

2. The teachers have moved into the new houses ______ last term .

A. built B. to be built C. being built D. having been built

3. The houses ______ now near the school are for our teachers .

A. are being built B. being built

根据某些语法规则及对话体， 句中的某些成分是可以省略的。而出题的人往往采用省略。

例. 1. People shake hands and say “ How do you do ?” when ______ to each other .

A. being introduced B. introducing

2. When _____ some questions about the accident, the manager of the coal mine kept silent .

A. ask B. being asked C. asked D. asking

例. If _____, the material will give ______ an unpleasant smell .

例. 1. An apple is _____, if not better than , an orange .

2. Of course they were later than ______; but _____ they were in time to start the game .

A. expected; at all B. expecting; in all

C. we expected; after all D. expected; after all

例. This is the first film ______ I have seen in my life .

A. which B. where C. what D. /

例--Mum, why do you always ask me to drink a glass of milk every day?

-----------______enough protein and nutrition as you______

A . Get, grow up B. Getting, grow up

C. To get, are growing up D. To be getting, are growing up

例1.-----What do you think makes Jane so sad?

--------______ the news that her father died yesterday.

A. Because she heard B. She heard C. Hearing D . Heard

2.We should do all ____ we can ______ the poor children in the western area

A. what .help B. that , to help C. what, to help D. that, help

例.With lots of trees and flowers _____ here and there, our school looks very beautiful.

A. having planted B. planted C. having been planted D. to be planted

例.______ the yard ,I found it_____ with lots of ______ leaves.

A. Entering, covering, falling B. Entering, covered, fallen

C. Entering , covering ,fallen D. Having entered, covered, falling

例.___________,it wasn’t a dad holiday.

A. Considering everything B. Considered everything

C . Considering anything D. Considered anything

弄清楚句中的动词是及物还是不及物动词是决定主动语态还是被动语态的关键，是选非谓语动词形式的关键。

例.Without the teacher_______ us, none of us tried our best in the running

A. times B. timing C. timed D. time

例.1. The old scientist often has his light ______ all night long

A. burn B. burned C. burning D. to be burned__

2.The boy lay on the ground, with his eyes_______ straight upward, and his teeth_________

A. looking, setting B. looked ,set C. looking, set D. looked, setting

例.1.Never_______ faith in himself, the scientist went on with his research

A. losing B. to lose C. lost D. to be lost

2. _______ in thought , Einstein knocked into the tree

A. Lost B. To lose C. Losing D. To be lost

例. _______ great help, I could get rid of all the difficulty and succeeded

A. Offered B. Having offered C. Being supplied D. Having supplied

例.The Yellow river, ______ “the mother river”, runs across like a huge dragon

A. calling B. called C. being called D. to be called

与省略相反，编者按语法规则增加一些成分或变换句子的语序等使原来的句子的结构发生变化，使之复杂化

例.Is this hotel_____ you said we could stay in your letter?

A. the one B. which C. where D. that

2. Who has the manager_______ the machine?

A. repaired B. have repaired C. had repaired d. to repair

例.It was with great courage________ the boy told the truth_______

A. which, that B. when, that C. as, that D. that, that

例.The scientist has developed a new kind of plant, _____ of great value to farming.

A. which he thinks is B. which he thinks it is

C. which he thinks it D. he thinks which is

例.The young man, who was caught______ the lady’s purse in the shop, was taken to the police station.

A. steal B. to steal C. stealing D. stole

例.1. They are talking about the difficulty the kind old man_______ a hope school for the children.

A. has set up B. has to set up C. setting up D. has setting up

2. Hearing the news, he rushed out, ____ the book____ on the table and disappeared.

A. left, lain upon B. leaving, lying upon C. leaving, lie upon D. left, lay opened

例.Salesmen are so smart that customers can’t help_____ to buy something they don’t really need.

A. to be persuaded B. persuading C. being persuade D. be persuaded

例.The old scientist is considered______ the mobile phone.

A. inventing B. to invent C. to have invented D. having invented

例.1. She left a child,______ home as an old woman.

A. and returned B. returning C. to return D. returned

2. It was a matter of _____ would take the position

A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever

高考课件(篇11)

同学们，我们无不为三峡的雄奇险拔、清幽秀色所陶醉。其实，莽莽神州，茫茫九派，高山大岳，千流百川，我们伟大的祖国哪儿不是神奇如画呢?不信，就请你细细品读陶弘景的写景小品文《答谢中书书》，读完后你一定会觉得江南的山水真是一幅清丽的山水画，是一首流动的山水诗呢!

3、学生交流所查到的资料，教师补充。

陶弘景――南北朝时期的思想家、医学家和文字家。又被称为“山中宰相”。他的《答谢中书书》，描绘山川秀美，清新简淡，为历代写景名作。

“山中宰相”――齐高帝曾经召他进宫陪伴太子读书。后来，陶弘景远离尘世，隐居句曲山(今茅山)。他精通阴阳五行、山川地理、天文气象。梁武帝继位后，他“礼聘不出”。因此，每逢有凶吉、祭祀、征讨大事，朝廷都要派人进山向他请教，故称他为“山中宰相”。陶一生好松。每当轻风吹拂松枝，发出“沙沙”的声响时，他就象听到仙乐一样如痴如狂。有时，他竟一人进山，专去听山野松涛之声，人又称之“仙人”。

2、以同座为单位交流自学情况，疏通文意，提出认为比较重要的或解决不了的词句。

山川之美，古来共谈。高峰入云，清流见底。两岸石壁，五色交辉。青林翠竹，四时俱备。晓雾将歇，猿鸟乱鸣。夕日欲颓，沉鳞竞跃。实是欲界之仙都。自康乐以来，未复有能与其奇者。

1、 以小小组为单位欣赏作者是怎样写景的.(参考《山峡》的各种描写角度)

2、 古人善于从一川一坳之中发现地理形胜之美，在对美的描述之中表达其中的适己之意。想想此文表达了作者怎样的感情?

【其一：山水相映之美。山的峻峭，水的明丽。水的动势给山增加了活力，山的倒影给水铺上了异彩，二者相映成趣。其二：色彩配合之美。两岸石壁，五色交辉;青林翠竹，四时俱备，蓝天作背景，绿水为衬托，绚丽动人，美不胜收。其三：晨昏变化之美。清晨白雾缭绕，似烟似缕，猿啼鸟鸣生机勃勃;傍晚红日西沉，山色苍茫，飞鸟归林，猿猴息树，游鱼跃水。其四：动静相衬之美。高峰为静，流水为动(形体)。林青竹翠为静，五色交辉为动(光色)日出雾歇为静，猿鸟乱史鸣为动;日落山暝为静，游鱼跃水为动(声响)。

总之：先仰视“高峰入云”，再俯视“清流见底”，又平看“两岸石壁”“青林翠竹”，最后又分“晓”，“夕”两层来写，一句一景，次第井然。同时注意了色彩的配合、晨夕的变化，动静的结合等。】

【郦道元抓住江水与两岸高山特征，状物传神，描绘了一幅奇异美妙、既生机盎然又幽深冷静的图画，又于其中寄寓对祖国大好河山的热爱赞美之情。

陶宏景的《答谢中书书》，写的则是普通的山川之美，他状写高峰清流、石壁清林，描摹日光的色彩变化和猿鸣鱼游，都是一些常见之景，但写得清丽自然，自有一股浑然天趣，表露自己居身其中的欢乐、愉悦、悠然自在之情。】

本文和《山峡》一样，四字写景句非常多，试最大化地运用或改用它们说一段话来描绘景物，看谁用得多，用得好。

高峰入云，清流见底。两岸石壁，五色交辉。青林翠竹，四时俱备。

晓雾将歇，猿鸟乱鸣。夕日欲颓，沉鳞竞跃。

两岸连山，略无阙处。重岩叠嶂，隐天蔽日，

夏水襄陵，沿溯阻绝。

春冬之时，素湍绿潭，回清倒影，悬泉瀑布，飞漱其间，清荣峻茂，良多趣味。

1、借助注释和工具书疏通文意，翻译课文，提出认为比较重要的或解决不了的词句。

2、文章主要写了什么景，是怎样写的?

4、 作者的思想感情与《答谢中书书》有什么不同?

高考课件(篇12)

by sea relate to share(v.) mark with long before turn to apart from tour (be)busy with ( be)determined to do sth. disobey key figure in peace oppose think up take up arms work on keep one’s promise with the purpose of

You’d better(not)… Let’s …

You need to… What/How about…？

（I think）you should/ought to…

Shall we…？

I suggest（that）you…

Why not…？ Why don’t you…？

I will…

I have decided to /that…

I have (not)decided wh-clause / wh-word to…

We have settled a party on Wednesday evening.

星期三晚上我们安排了一次聚会。

This medicine should settle your nerves.

这种药会使你镇静下来。

They settled their quarrel in a friendly way.

他们用一种友好的方法解决了争端。

John made up that joke about the talking dog.

约翰编了一个会讲话的狗的笑话。

The number of the college students in the country makes up only 1%of the population.

这个国家的大学生的数量仅占人口的百分之一。

I have to make up the test I missed last week.

我上周没考试，我必须补考。

John and Tom quarreled, but make up after a while.

约翰和汤姆吵架了，但一会儿就和好了。

由make构成的其他短语：

make sense有意义 make faces/a face做鬼脸

be made of /from由……制成 be made into把……制成……

We must keep the good revolutionary traditions alive.

我们必须把好的革命传统流传下去。

How can we keep the fish alive?我们如何使鱼活首？

拓展：keep+宾语+宾补(v.-ing/v. –ed/adj. / adv. / prep. phr)

I’m sorry for keeping you waiting all the afternoon.

很抱歉让你等了一下午。

Keeping the door and windows closed all the time is not good for your health.

总是关着门窗对健康不利。

用keep构成的常用短语：

keep an eye on 留神照看 keep body and soul together勉强生活

4.be of +adj. +抽象名词表性质、特征，其作用相当于be + adj.

常用抽象名词：use, value, interest, importance, education, quality等

This book is of no use( / useless).

这本书没多大用处。

The young man is of good education( / well educated).

这位青年人受过良好的教育。

Customers don’t show any interest in goods that are of poor quality.

这位顾客对劣质的商品不感兴趣。

对比：be + of +具体名词 表类属，常用名词：size, colour, age, shape等。

The two children are of an age / the same age.(= This child is as old as that one.)

这两个孩子同岁。

All of these rooms are of a size.

所有的这些房子一样大。

The Dutch language is closely related to German.

荷兰语和德语密切相关。

They are related to me by marriage.

靠婚姻关系他们和我有了联系。

Doctors think there is a relation between smoking and lung cancer.

医生们认为肺癌与吸烟有关。

I have had business relations with h im. 我和他已有业务联系。

(3)亲戚，表示特别亲密的、友好的关系（relative亲戚，单纯的亲戚关系；在法律上通用。在一般情况下多用relative）

My immediate relations are my parents.我的直系亲属是父母。

He was been out of work for over three months.

他已失业三个月了。

In recent years there has been an increase in the number of people out of work in that country.

近几年那个国家的失业人数在增长。

拓展：be out of work = lose one’s work失业be in work在业，有工作

7.apart from(= besides/in addition to)除……之外（表示加上，否定句中与except通用）

The children hardly see anyone apart from their parents.

除父母外，孩子们几乎看不到其他任何人。

Apart from them, I had no one to talk to.

除了他们，没有人和我谈话。

Apart from the price, the hat doesn’t suit me.

除了价格，这项帽子也不适合我戴。

对比：

except：将一个或几个人或物从同一类或普通的种类中除外（表示减法），其后可接名词、代词、副词、介词短语、不定式（短语）或wh-从句。

except for：说明整个基本情况后，对细节加以纠正，其后一般接名词。

except that：用来表示理由后细节，修正前面所说的情况，其后须接从句，可以与except for互换。

Everybody except John was able to answer it.

除约翰外每个人都能回答。

Your composition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes.

( = Your composition is very good except that there are a few spelling mistakes.)

你的作文很好，只是有几处拼写错误。

I know nothing about him except that he comes from Africa.

除了他来自非洲之外我对他一无所知。

He goes to work every day except when he is ill.

除了生命以外他每天都去上班。

way of life生活方式 all the way一路上，自始至终

by the way 顺便说 bay way of 通过……经由

get in one’s way 妨碍 in a (one)way在某种程度上

lose one’s way迷路 way through 克服困难的途径

way out出路 ways out of （摆脱困境等）的方法

feel one’s way摸黑走，谨慎行事 make one’s own way取得成功，发迹

e.g. Tom will get used to the way of life in the U.S.A. soon.

汤姆很快就会习惯美国的生活方式的。

figure 指有影响力的人物。key原意为钥匙，在此词组中作定语，可译作“关键的”。

figure 的复数形式是figures.

Public figures there welcomed the statement.

那里的公众人物们都欢迎这个声明。

He became one of the leading figures in the country.

他成为这个国家的领导人之一。

He was unable to govern his temper.

他控制不住自己的脾气。

Don’t be governed by what other people say.

不要被别人的话所左右。

The rise and fall of the sea is governed by the movements of the moon.

海水的潮起潮落是受月球运动的影响。

11.on / upon(one’s )n./v.-ing一……就……

On his return to the lab, he set to work.

他一回到实验室，就开始工作。

On arriving in Paris, he was put into prison.

他一到巴黎就被捕入狱。

The students stood up on the entrance of the headmaster.

校长进来时，学生们都起立。

12.play an important role in 在……方面起重要作用

Such strikes have played an important role in the development of the trade union movement.

此类罢工事件在工会运动的发展中起了重要的作用。

For twenty years, Gandhi played an important role in working for equal right for Indians.

二十年里，甘地在为印度人争取平等的权利的工作中起重要的作用。

同义词组：play a part in…/play an important part in…

The laws were designed to make life difficult for non-whites.

制定这些法律的目的在于使非白人的生活变得困难。

The room was designed for children.

这个房间打算给孩子们用。

The road was not designed for heavy trucks.

这条马路不是为重型卡车设计的。

The building is poor in design.这幢楼设计很差。

14.in prison()监禁之中，prison 前不加冠词，表示被监禁的状态

He has been in prison for three years.

他已坐牢三年了。

Law-breakers are put in prison.

犯法者被关进监狱。

对比：go to prison坐牢 break(out of )prison越狱

cast…into prison(put…in/into prison)把……关进牢里（表动作）

类似短语：in school/go to school 求学 in hospital/go to hospital住院/去看病

She was very angry and marched out. 她很生气，大步从屋里走了出去。

The soldiers marched on after a short rest.

短暂的休息之后，战士们继续前进。

短语：a hunger march反饥饿游行 a forced march强行军

on the march在行进中 a long and difficult march一次长距离的艰难行军

steal a march on/ upon(口语)偷袭（尤指以不正当手段）

e.g. The two firms are trying hard to steal a march on the other.

这两家公司正努力试图比对方抢先一着。

He was honoured as a teacher.

他作为老师而受到人们的尊敬。

Gandhi returned to India in 1915 and was honoured as a hero.

19甘地回到印度，并且被尊为英雄。

拓展：v./ n honour-dishonour adj. Honourable-dishonourable（反义词）

in honour of…纪念……

People there opposed their government.

那里的人们反对政府。

I oppose this plan because I think it is impractical.

我反对这项计划，因为我认为它不切实际。

同义词组：be opposed to / object to /be against

His father is very much opposed to her going abroad.他父亲强烈反对她出国。

He objected to working on Sundays.

他反对星期日工作。

We are for peace and against war.

我们赞成和平，反对战争。

the house in opposition to each other面对面的房子

find oneself in opposition to sb. on a question

发现自己在某问题上与某人意见相反。

They asked him whether it is true that he had possessed two cars.

他们问他是否真的拥有两辆小汽车。

He never possessed much money, but he is possessed of good health.

他从没有过很多钱，但他总是很健康。

同义词（组）：own/belong to/have/be possessed of

e.g. He owns a very good dictionary. = A very good dictionary belongs to him.

He received a letter which read as follows.

他收到一封信，信文如下。

The game rules are as follows.

比赛的规划如下所述。

His arguments are as follows.他的论点如下。

I value his advice on how to study English well.

我很珍视他的关于如何学好英语的建议。

The may or valued public opinions.

市长很重视公众的意见。

Gandhi valued ordinary people.

Mr . Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to some schools for poor children.

A. set up B. setting up C. have set up D. having set up

Tow middle-aged passengers fell into dead sda. , neither of them could swim.

A. In fact B. Luckily C. Unfortunately D. Naturally

分析：C。从所给情景可以判断，她们都不会游泳，要填unfortunately.

It is generally believed that teaching is it is a science.

A. an art much as B. much an art as

C. as an art much as D. as much an art as

分析：D。在as(so)…as…中，第一个as是adv.，后接adj，第二个as后接句子。句意为“人们普遍相信，教学是一门科学，同样是一门艺术”。

-It’s good idea. But who’s going to the plan?

-I think Tom and Grey will.

A. set aside B. carry out C. take in D. get through

分析：B。此题考查的是短语动词的含义。A的意思是“搁置”；B的意思是“实施、实现或执行”；C的意思是“吸收”；D的意思是“通过或完成”。

题5 The mother didn’t know was to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.

分析：A。根据句意，空白处应填指人的who, who与to blame构成逻辑上的“动宾”关系。全句意为：由于打破玻璃（杯）的事是母亲不在家时发生的，所以她（母亲）不知道该责备谁打破了破璃（杯）。

The idea puzzled me so much that I stopped for a few seconds to try to .

A. make it out B. make it off C. make it up D. make it over

分析：A。make it out发现真相，因为受到迷惑，所以试图发现真相。

The taxi driver often reminds passengers to their belongings when they leave the car.

A. keep B. catch C. hold D. take

-Why haven’t you bought any butter?

-I to but I forgot about it.

A. liked B. wished C. meant D. expected

分析：C。从提供的情景分析，是打算买而没买，应用meant。

Have a good rest. You need to your energy for the tennis match this afternoon.

高考课件(篇13)

诗 歌 鉴 赏

一 鉴赏诗歌的形象： 形象分类：①人物形象：主人公和抒情主人公（或说诗人）。

②物象：包括景、物等。塑造形象的方法：

①正面描写和侧面描写；②渲染和白描；③烘托衬托及对比；④动和静；⑤虚和实；⑥抑和扬；⑦点和面；⑧细节刻画（语言动作心理肖像）；⑨多角度描写（上下左右前后远近高低）；⑩多感觉（通感）描写；⑾铺陈手法。提问方式：①对这首诗中的形象作简要分析。②试分析诗中主人公的形象。

提问变体：①这首诗写出了景物的什么特点？②这首诗营造了一种怎样的意境？③这首诗描绘了一幅怎样的画面？表达了诗人怎样的思想感情？

解答分析：

要通过分析诗歌中的意象，了解诗中所要表达的思想感情。借助抒怀托物言志的诗，往往在对事物形象的描绘中寄寓诗人的思想感情和人生理想，因此既要分析诗中所描绘的形象，也要分析诗中所寄寓的思想感情。

所谓意境，是指寄托诗人情感的物象(即意象)综合起来构建的让人产生想像的境界。它包括景、情、境三个方面。答题时三方面缺一不可。答题步骤：①描绘诗中展现的图景画面。考生应抓住诗中的主要景物，用自己的语言再现画面。描述时一要忠实于原诗，二要用自己的联想和想像加以再创造，语言力求优美。

②概括景物所营造的氛围特点。一般用两个双音节词即可，例如孤寂冷清、萧瑟凄凉、恬静优美、明净绚丽、雄浑壮阔等，注意要能准确地体现景物的特点和情调。

③分析作者的思想感情。切忌空洞，要答具体。比如光答“表达了作者感伤的情怀”是不行的，应答出为什么而“感伤”。答题示例： 绝句二首(其一)

杜甫

迟日江山丽，春风花草香。

泥融飞燕子，沙暖睡鸳鸯。

注：此诗写于诗人经过“一岁四行役”的奔波流离之后，暂时定居成都草堂时。

此诗描绘了怎样的景物？表达了诗人怎样的感情？请简要分析。答：此诗描绘了一派美丽的初春景象：春天阳光普照，四野青绿，江水映日，春风送来花草的馨香，泥融土湿，燕子正繁忙地衔泥筑巢，日丽沙暖，鸳鸯在沙洲上静睡不动(步骤一)。这是一幅明净绚丽的春景图(步骤二)。表现了诗人结束奔波流离生活安定后愉悦闲适的心境(步骤三)。

二 鉴赏诗歌的语言： 注意以下语言：①特定意象语言：如松竹梅等。②词性角度：动词、形容词甚至副词、数量词。

③位臵角度：五言诗第三字、七言诗第五字。2 不同诗歌的语言特色：清新明快、含蓄委婉、含蓄隽永、慷慨悲壮、雄浑豪放、凝练简洁、典雅秀美、朴实无华、明白晓畅、多用口语…… 3 特殊语言结构：①叠字叠词叠句：可以使描写更加生动形象，思想感情表达得更加绵密曲折，音节流畅，增强语言的音乐美、修辞美。

②倒装句：一般是为了押韵、调平仄，但也有表示强调的意味。③名词连用：可使描写更简洁凝练，营造出特定的意境。4 提问方式：这首诗在语言上有何特色？

提问变体：①请分析这首诗的语言风格。②谈谈此诗的语言艺术。答题步骤：①用一两个词准确点明语言特色。②用诗中有关语句具体分析这种特色。③指出表现了作者怎样的感情。答题示例： 春怨

打起黄莺儿，莫教枝上啼。啼时惊妾梦，不得到辽西。

请分析此诗的语言特色。

答：此诗语言特点是清新自然，口语化(步骤一)，“黄莺儿”是儿化音，显出女子的纯真娇憨。“啼时惊妾梦，不得到辽西”用质朴的语言表明了打黄莺是因为它惊扰了自己思念丈夫的美梦(步骤二)。这样非常自然地表现了女子对丈夫的思念之情(步骤三)。5 提问方式：这一联中最生动传神的是什么字？为什么？ 提问变体：某字历来为人称道，你认为它好在哪里？ 解答分析：古人作诗讲究炼字，这种题型是要求品味这些经锤炼的字的妙处。答题时不能把该字孤立起来谈，得放在句中，并结合全诗的意境情感来分析。

答题步骤：(1)解释该字在句中的含义。(2)展开联想把该字放入原句中描述景象。(3)点出该字烘托了怎样的意境，或表达了怎样的感情。

答题示例： 南浦别

白居易

南浦凄凄别，西风袅袅秋。一看肠一断，好去莫回头。

前人认为，“看”字看似平常，实际上非常传神，它能真切透露出抒情主人公的形象。你同意这种说法吗？为什么？

答：同意。看，在诗中指回望(步骤一)。离人孤独地走了，还频频回望，每一次回望，都令自己肝肠寸断。此字让我们仿佛看到抒情主人公泪眼朦胧，想看又不敢看的形象(步骤二)。只一“看”字，就淋漓尽其所有致地表现了离别的酸楚(步骤三)。6 提问方式：某词是全诗的关键，为什么？

解答分析：古诗非常讲究构思，往往一个字或一个词就构成全诗的线索，全诗的感情基调、全诗的思想，抓住这个词命题往往可以以小见大，考出考生对全诗的把握程度。

答题步骤：(1)该词对突出主旨所起的作用。(2)从该词在诗中结构上所起的作用考虑。答题示例： 春夜洛城闻笛

李白

谁家玉笛暗飞声，散入春风满洛城。此夜曲中闻折柳，何人不起故园情？

“折柳”二字是全诗的关键，“折柳”寓意是什么？你是否同意“关键”之说，为什么？(2002年高考题)答：“折柳”的寓意是“惜别怀远”，而诗歌的主旨正是思乡之情(步骤一)。这种思乡之情是从听到“折柳”曲的笛声引起的(步骤二)。可见“折柳”是全诗的关键。提问方式：诗中某句，你认为妙在何处？请结合全诗，对此进行简要赏析。

答题步骤：某句诗的意思（表层意或言外之意）是……，运用了……手法，描绘了一幅……的画面，创设出……的意境，表达了作者……的思想感情。

三 鉴赏诗歌的表现手法（或表现技巧、艺术手法、艺术技巧）： 1 内容包括：①表达方式；②修辞方法；③结构方式；④其它内容。

（一）表达方式：叙述、描写、抒情、议论、说明。

描写手法：①正面描写和侧面描写；②渲染和白描；③烘托衬托及对比；④动和静；⑤虚和实；⑥抑和扬；⑦点和面；⑧细节刻画（语言动作心理肖像）；⑨多角度描写（上下左右前后远近高低）；⑩多感觉（通感）描写；⑾铺陈手法。

抒情手法：①直接抒情（直抒胸臆）：呜呼！何时眼前突兀见此屋，吾庐独破受冻死亦足。

——杜甫《茅屋为秋风所破歌》

——直截了当地抒发了诗人甘愿为天下贫寒的知识分子的幸福而牺牲自己的高尚情操。

②间接抒情——借景抒情、借物抒情、托物言志、借用典故、借古喻今、叙事抒情。

A借景抒情的“景”是指自然风景，而不是某种物品。“情”专指热爱、憎恶、赞美、快乐、悲伤等感情。答题词语还有寓情于景、情景交融。

绝句二首 杜甫

江碧鸟逾白，山青花欲燃。今春看又过，何日是归年。——全诗抒发了羁旅异乡的感慨，诗人借清新美好的春光景色的描写，透露出了思归的感伤，以乐景写哀情。B．托物言志：

托物言志常常借助于某物的一些特性，此“物”可以是景物，也可以是动物或其它事物，常含有的象征意义；托物言志的“志”可以指感情、志向、情操、爱好、愿望、要求等。

画菊 郑思肖（宋末诗人）

花开不并百花丛，独立疏篱趣无穷。宁可枝头抱香死，何曾吹落北风中。

——表达了诗人宁死不屈，坚守民族大义 的高尚气节。C、借用典故抒情：

借用历史故事来表达作者的思想感情，包括对现实生活中某些问题的立场和个人愿望等。

用典既可使语言精炼，又可增加内容的丰富性，增加表达的生动性和含蓄性，可收到言简意丰耐人寻味的效果，增强作品的表现力和感染力。

千古江山，英雄无觅孙仲谋处。舞榭歌台，风流总被雨打风吹去。斜阳草树，寻常巷陌，人道寄奴曾住。想当年，金戈铁马，气吞万里如虎。

元嘉草草，封狼居胥，赢得仓皇北顾。四十三年，望中犹记，烽火扬州路。可堪回首，佛狸祠下，一片神鸦社鼓！凭谁问：廉颇老矣，尚能饭否？

如不了解典故往往会影响对诗的理解。辛弃疾是个擅用典故的人。《永遇乐京口北固亭怀古》中连用了五个典故（孙权、刘裕、宋文帝、佛狸、廉颇），都是京口这地方的历史掌故，典故的思想与这首诗的思想性紧密相连。

D、借古讽今（喻今、伤今）：借历史上的事件来讽喻当朝。

台 城

台城六代竟奢华，结绮临春事最奢。万户前门成野草，只缘一曲后庭花。

分析：全诗以台城这一六朝帝王起居临政的地方为题，描写了六朝 纵情作乐的荒淫生活，和野草丛生的凄凉景象形成了鲜明对比，把严肃的历史教训化做了触目惊心的具体形象，寄托了吊古伤今的无限感慨。

绝句 李清照

生当作人杰，死亦为鬼雄。至今思项羽，不肯过江东。

分析：这是一首借古讽今的怀古诗。作者通过赞颂楚霸王项羽的英雄气概，谴责了宋王朝仓皇南逃、不思北上的行为；简洁而有意味，颇显豪气。

E．叙事抒情：在古风作品中比较常见，如杜甫的《兵车行》。F．托物寓理，如“半亩方塘一鉴开，天光云影共徘徊。问渠那得清如许，为有源头活水来”，一般是哲理诗。

（二）常见修辞手法：比喻、借代、夸张、对偶、比拟、双关、对比、设问、反问等。常见修辞格表达效果：

比喻、比拟：描绘事物生动、形象、鲜明。增强了感染力。比喻用在议论中使深奥的道理浅显化，易于理解，接受。借代：形象突出，特点鲜明，具体生动。

夸张：引起丰富的联想，突出了事物的本质和特征，便于抒发强烈的感情。

双关：使语言幽默，饶有风趣；生动活泼，含蓄曲折地表达微妙的神态和情思。如“东边日出西边雨，道是无晴却有晴”，“晴”暗指感情的“情”。

对偶：音节整齐匀称，节奏鲜明，有结构美和音乐美。排比：增强语势，强化感情。对比：使事物特征鲜明突出，表达强烈的感情。修辞手法在古诗中经常出现的有：

① 比兴：如“关关雎鸠，在河之洲。窈窕淑女，君子好逑”。先言它物引起所咏之物，可使描述更加生动感人。

② 象征：象征指借助某一具体形象，以表现某种抽象的概念、思想或感情。其特点是利用象征物与被象征物之间的某种类似，使被象征物的某一内容得到含蓄而形象的表现。在文学作品中，象征通常是以具体事物来暗示作者的思想、态度与感情的方式。他就象暗喻或明喻省去了第一部分，只留下第二部分，它有自己的实体，却代表另一种东西。

比如松、竹、梅、菊花一类事物被人们赋予特定的象征意义，诗人常借助它们表达一定的思想感情，如陆游的《卜算子 咏梅》，以梅自喻，表现自己不与争宠邀媚、阿谀奉承之徒为伍的品格和不畏谗毁、坚贞自守的铮铮傲骨。

有些是某些诗句本身含有一定象征意义，有些是全诗常通过具体事物来说理，即说理诗或咏物诗。如虞世南的《蝉》中“居高声自远，非是藉秋风”，作者是在强调立身高洁的人，并不需要某种外在凭借，自能声名远播。

象征的表达效果是：寓意深刻，能丰富人们的联想，耐人寻味，使人获得意境无穷的感觉；能给人以简练形象的实感，表达真挚的感情。③ 互文：运用互文手法，能使语言明快，结构工整，音韵和谐，节奏明快。

如：秦时明月汉时关，万里长征人未还。

（三）结构方式：开门见山、引起下文、铺垫、设臵悬念、埋下伏笔、过渡、承上启下、卒章显志、照应上文、首尾照应、层层深入、先景后情、先总后分等。

（四）其它：联想想象、画龙点睛、以小见大等。提问方式：这首诗用了怎样的表现手法？

提问变体：请分析这首诗的表现技巧(或艺术手法，或手法)。诗人是怎样抒发自己的情感的？有何效果？

解答分析：表现手法是诗人用以抒发感情的手段方法，要准确答题，必须熟悉常用的一些表现手法。

答题步骤：(1)准确指出用了何种手法。(2)结合诗句阐释为什么是用了这种手法。(3)此手法有效传达出诗人怎样的感情。答题示例： 早行

陈与义

露侵驼褐晓寒轻，星斗阑干分外明。寂寞小桥和梦过，稻田深处草虫鸣。

此诗主要用了什么表现手法？有何效果？

答：主要用了反衬手法(步骤一)。天未放亮，星斗纵横，分外明亮，反衬夜色之暗；“草虫鸣”反衬出环境的寂静(步骤二)。两处反衬都突出了诗人出行之早，心中由飘泊引起的孤独寂寞(步骤三)。四 赏析诗歌的思想情感，评价思想内容和作者的观点态度。1掌握诗歌题材：诗歌根据题材划分，主要有以下十二类：借景抒情 诗、咏史怀古诗、伤春伤别诗、羁旅行役诗、山水田园诗、托物言志诗、即事抒怀诗、边塞征战诗、谈禅说理诗、闲适隐逸诗、悼亡游仙诗、赠友送别诗等。下面分类结合实例进行介绍。

①借景抒情诗:借景抒情诗往往是含而不露，蕴藉悠远，情丰意密，深切动人。

鉴赏借景抒情类诗歌，要掌握以下三个原则：

第一，要体会诗中情景交融的意境。自然景物一经诗人摄入笔端，就必然会带上诗人的感情色彩，为表达诗人的特定情感服务。第二，要领会诗人写景所表现的情感。

第三，要注意赏析诗歌的写作技巧和语言特色。写景的方法很多，概而言之，要留意作者观察和描写景物的角度；要把握和分析作者描写景物的方法；要理解和说明描写景物的技巧等。

②咏史怀古诗:诗人以历史事件、历史人物、历史陈迹为题材，借登高望远、咏叹史实、怀念古迹来达到感慨兴衰、寄托哀思、托古讽今等目的。这类诗由于多写古人往事，且多用典故，手法委婉，我们鉴赏时，必须掌握几把“钥匙”：

首先，要弄清史实。对作品所涉及的史实和人物一定要有所了解，这就要求我们要积累一定的历史知识。

其次，要领悟感情。诗家怀古咏史，大致有两种情况，一种是对历史作理性的冷静的剖析，一种是感慨个人的身世，抓住的只是历史的一些影子，感情成分较浓。

再者要分析写法。不同的写法，是由不同的主题决定的。③伤春伤别诗:伤春伤别诗往往借对春光消逝的记叙描写来抒发韶华易逝、壮志难酬的感慨，或表达对亲朋、好友、爱人的无限思念之情。在传统的此类题材中，又有三类主题。

一是抒发离别苦情的。二是描写美人迟暮的，其对人物的外部动作与内心感受捕捉相当细腻，文字往往也极为精美。三是寄寓人生感慨的。④ 羁旅行役诗:出门在外的游客浪子，眼中所见、耳中所闻、心中所感都包含着由此触发的对遥远故乡的眺望，对温馨家庭的憧憬。１.善于把眼中景与心中情结合起来。

2.诗人不直接说自己思念家乡亲人，而从对方入笔抒写感情。３.诗人思乡感情的触动往往是所见所闻的一些事物。⑤山水田园诗:中国山水田园诗源远流长。诗人们以山水田园为审美对象，把细腻的笔触投向静谧的山林，悠闲的田野，创造出一种田园牧歌式的生活，借以表达对现实的不满，对宁静平和生活的向往。首先，都对山水表现出了极大的兴趣，不惜以浓墨重彩描写大自然的一山一水，一草一木。

其次，诗人笔下的山水草木，鸟语花香并不是孤立的，而是构成了一个和谐的整体，形成了充满生命意识的画面。

再者，也是更重要的，诗人笔下的所有山水说到底还是为了其中人物感情的抒发服务的。

⑥托物言志诗:诗人不直接表露自己的思想、感情，而是采用象征、兴寄等手法，把自己的某种理想和人格融于某种具体事物。那么，一首好的托物言志诗，应该具有什么特点呢？ 首先，既然是咏物诗，当然要能逼真地写出所咏之物的特征，并能深入其里，摄取出事物的神韵、品格来，即要做到“神似”。

其次，在欣赏咏物诗时，要注意作者在描摹的事物中所寄托的感情。⑦即事感怀诗:即事感怀，指的是诗人就某件事发表自己的议论，抒发自己的感慨。这类诗作题材广泛，诗人往往是兴之所至，妙手偶得，多有一些佳句。即事感怀诗，往往是偶有所感时脱口而出的，或者是在某个特定的场合一挥而就的，不像许多诗那样精雕细琢。但是一些诗作，由于诗人深厚的艺术功底，还是显示出了精湛的艺术技巧。首先，要欣赏即事感怀诗的“事”与“怀”结合得是否高明。其次，我们还要体味诗人所抒之“怀”是否真挚感人。再次，要领略“感怀”的艺术技巧。

⑧边塞征战诗:代表作家有高适、岑参等诗人。主张以诗歌来反映将士不畏辛劳、保卫边陲的战斗精神；描写将士和亲人相互思念的深沉情感；讽刺并劝谏拓土开边、穷兵黩武的统治者。在创作风格上多以雄浑豪放、奔腾峻伟见长。

边塞征战诗是最能体现国运兴衰的作品，因此，在接触这类作品时，首先对作者所处的时代应有所了解。鉴赏这类诗作还应注意，在边塞征战的大题材下，每首诗歌还有各自的思想感情特点，⑨谈禅说理诗:诗人把自己类似禅宗的顿悟或事理的体察诉之于笔下，这类诗歌往往具有似不食人间烟火的空灵之境。

１.对生活对自然的顿悟。有“诗佛”之称的王维可谓是这方面的典范。２．对事理的体察。这里对哲理的感悟并不是抽象地说出，而多用形象化的手法加以表现。首先是借助景物来表现。其次是通过生活中的细节加以表现。

⑩赠友送别诗：一般是叮咛对方，赞颂对方，表达一种依依不舍的感情或别后的思念。诗歌表达的思想感情常用词语是：迷恋、忧愁、惆怅、伤感、烦闷、寂寞、孤独、恬淡、闲适、欢乐、仰慕、激愤……

诗歌表达的主题用语常有：寄情山水、归隐田园；厌恶战争、思念家乡亲人；怀才不遇、愤事嫉俗；怀古伤今、忧国忧民；相知相思、离愁别恨；蔑视权贵；昔盛今衰、黍离之悲…… 3 提问方式：这首诗表达了作者怎样的情感? 提问变体：请分析这首诗的主旨或对于本诗内涵，你是如何理解的。解答分析：这种题型要品味整首诗表现出来的情感或某句诗的含义(特殊含义、深层含义，如语境含义、意境含义)。

能用来答题的词一般有：壮志未酬、报国无门、闺中怨恨、念远思家、忠贞爱国…… 答题步骤：

①用一两个词准确点明思想情感。②用诗中有关语句具体分析作者这种感情。

诗歌鉴赏做到五必看：必看题目（题目常常是诗眼，或中心事件），必看作者（知作者风格），必看注释（难懂的知识典故，有时答案也在其中），必看名句（中心诗眼常常在此），必看题干（题干的指向性很强，必须看清要求）。

五 诗 歌 鉴 赏 专 用 术 语

评价主旨类

深化意境 深化主旨 意境深远 意境优美

意味深长

耐人寻味

言近旨远：语言浅近易懂，主旨深远。言简意丰：语言简洁，内容丰富。

意在言外 言外之意

言在此而意在彼 弦外音，味外味 言有尽而意无穷；

含蓄蕴藉 委婉 不著一字，尽得风流；语意含而不露，或表达得不明显，耐人寻味。

分析手法类

卒章显志：在文章末尾点明主旨。画龙点睛：用一两句精彩的话点明主旨。

直抒胸臆：直接抒发感情。托物言志 象征：把要抒发的感情、阐发的思想借助于对某种事物或物品的描摹议论表达出来。以小见大：由平凡细微的事情反映重大的主题。开门见山：文章开头就进入正题，不拐弯抹角。寄寓 寄托：把感情、主题放在一种事物上表现。

衬托 烘托： 用一个事物来陪衬另一个事物，以使后者更突出。渲染：描摹色彩以加强效果。侧面描写： 对比：目的是突出一方。

怀古伤今 借古讽今：追念古代，伤感现实。

起兴（xìng）：先言它物，以引起所咏之物。

情景交融 情景相生 情因景生 借景抒情 以景衬情 融情入景 一切景语皆情语

语言特点类

勾勒：简洁的语言描写，介绍事物的大概。浓墨重彩：描写详尽、细腻。

惟妙惟肖：描写逼真，多指人或动物。诗情画意 体物入微

穷形尽态（相）：描写细致入微、刻画细致生动。

议论类：富有哲理 淋漓尽致

语言风格类

行云流水：语言自然流畅。

形神兼备：语言、结构等形式与内容主旨都无可挑剔。

简洁 洗炼：语言简练利落。

浅显 明白如话：不雕塑饰，不加修饰。

平淡无奇 质朴清新

淡雅 词藻华丽 明快：明白通畅。沉郁顿挫 苍凉：低沉、苍劲、舒缓、悲凉等。

雄健 雄浑：雄壮、强健、浑厚。

文章结构

做铺垫：在情节发生前的交代、暗示。

埋伏笔：前段为后段埋下的线索。呼应 照应：前后的互相联系。

浑然天成：结构非常完整，如同自然生成的。行文技巧类

虚实相生：虚，多指文章中想像的部分。

水乳交融：紧密结合在一起。

其 它

构思精巧 新颖 独树一臶 别具一格 不落窠臼 不落俗套

自出机杼：有创新，不沿用陈旧的格式、作法。

颇具匠心

感情细腻 感情真挚 跃然纸上 曲折 层次分明

诗 歌 鉴 赏 专 用 术 语

语言

(一)风格

1、激越高亢：如苏轼《念奴娇 赤壁怀古》等豪放派，其他象边塞诗中反映诗人渴望建功立业，保家卫国决心的诗作。

2、清婉(新)秀丽 ：如李清照《声声慢 寻寻觅觅》等婉约派，其他象山水田园诗人。

3、语言绮丽(重视修饰，色彩绚丽，词藻华丽，极尽铺陈之能事)如温庭筠《菩萨蛮》

4、语言平易(浅显易懂，口语化，但含义隽永)如李绅《悯农二首》(二)特点 形象，凝练，富有表现力

1、清新自然 用语新颖，不落俗套。如王维的山水诗

2、平淡质朴 选用确切的词直接陈述，或用白描，不加修饰，真切深刻，平易近人。如陶渊明的诗，李煜的词。

3、绚丽 色彩绚丽，词藻华丽，渲染气氛，极尽铺陈之能事。如李商隐的诗。

4、明快 斩钉截铁，一语中的。如白居易的新乐府诗。

5、含蓄 不直接叙述，意在言外，言此而意他，引而不发，欲说还休，让读者去体味。耐人寻味。如杜牧的绝句，李清照后期的词。

6、简洁 干净利落，言简意赅。如贾岛的诗。

表达技巧(一)修辞

1、比喻 化平淡为神奇，深奥为浅显，抽象为具体，使诗歌所描绘的意象更加形象生动

2、借代 以简代繁，以实代虚

3、比拟 色彩鲜明，描绘形象，表意丰富。

4、夸张 提示本质，给人以启示;烘托气氛，增强感染力;增强联想，创造气氛

5、对偶 有音乐美，表意凝练，抒情酣畅

6、反问 加强语气

7、设问 引人注意，启发思考

8、双关 意在言外，言此而意他，含蓄蕴藉。(二)方法技巧

1、情景交融 间接而含蓄，景色描写之中，寄寓着诗人的情感爱憎。

2、对比烘托 从侧面着意描写，作为陪衬，使所需要的事物鲜明突出。

3、联想想象 想象犹如天马行空，奇思遐想与自然天真相结合。

4、用典 使诗歌语言精炼，又可增加内容的丰富性，增加表达的生动性和含蓄性，可收到言简意丰、耐人寻味的效果，增强作品的表现力和感染力。

5、象征 形象生动具体，化实为虚。

6、使用叠词 增强韵律感，起强调作用。

7、托物言志 感物抒怀，隐晦的表情达意，含蓄蕴藉。

8、细节 真实准确传神

9、白描 即不加渲染烘托，粗笔勾勒，真切深刻。

思想情感(一)忧国伤时

1、反映社会的黑暗：杜甫“朱门酒肉臭，路有冻死骨。”

2、揭露统治者的昏庸腐朽 杜牧《过华清宫》 林升《题临安邸》

3、反映离乱的痛苦： 杜甫 《春望》

4、同情人民的疾苦：《茅屋为秋风所破歌》 白居易《卖炭翁》

5、对国家民族前途命运的担忧： 杜甫《登楼》

6、揭露统治者穷兵黩武：杜甫《兵车行》信知生男恶，反是生女好。生女犹得嫁比邻，生男埋没随百草。(二)建功报国

1、建功立业的渴望，保家卫国的决心：曹操《龟虽寿》 《从军行》 王昌龄

2、报国无门的悲伤，理想不为人知的愁苦心情：辛弃疾《永遇乐〃京口北固亭怀古》

《丑奴儿〃书博山道中壁》 辛弃疾

3、山河沦丧的痛苦： 文天祥《过零丁洋》 陆游《示儿》

4、年华消逝，怀才不遇，壮志难酬的悲叹：苏轼《水调歌头;赤壁怀古》

(三)思乡怀人

1、羁旅愁思： 孟浩然《宿建德江》 温庭筠《商山早行》

2、思亲念友：王维《九月九日忆山东兄弟》、苏轼《江城子〃十年生死两茫茫》

3、边关思乡： 范仲淹 《 渔家傲 》

4、闺中怀人： 王昌龄《闺怨》 李白《子夜吴歌 》

(四)生活杂感

1、寄情山水、田园的悠闲：王维《山居秋暝》

2、昔胜今衰，物是人非，世事沧桑的感慨：姜夔《扬州慢》、李白 《越中览古》、刘禹锡《石头城》

3、借古讽今的情怀：辛弃疾《京口北固亭怀古》 李商隐《贾生》 韦 庄《台城》

4、青春易逝的伤感：《如梦令》 李清照

5、仕途失意的苦闷：白居易《琵琶行》、苏轼《水调歌头〃明月几时有》

6告慰平生的喜悦：杜甫《春夜喜雨》《闻官军收河南河北》、(五)长亭送别

1、依依不舍的留念：柳永《雨霖铃》、王维《渭城曲》、李白《金陵酒肆留别》

2、情深意长的勉励：《送杜少府之任蜀川》 王勃

3、坦陈心志的告白：《芙蓉楼送辛渐》 王昌龄